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Groups 2\u20106 were given 2% cholesterol diet for 8 weeks after operation (sham or AEI). Bladder functions were analyzed by cystometry at 8 weeks in controls and after operation in groups 2\u20106. Wall morphology of common iliac artery was examined by hematoxylin and eosin stain. Bladder oxidative stress and inflammatory markers were studied by immunohistochemistry of 8\u2010hydroxy\u20102\u2032\u2010deoxyguanosine (8OHdG), malondialdehyde (MDA), and tumor necrosis factor\u2010alpha (TNF\u2010alpha).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Bladder overactivity with decreased voided volumes and intercontraction intervals and increased residual volumes was seen in AEI only group, but improved after hAFSCs treatment for 1, 3, and 7 days. Compared with controls and shams, the wall thickness of iliac artery was increased in AEI only group, but improved after hAFSCs treatment for 3 and 7 days. The expressions of 8OHdG, MDA, and TNF\u2010alpha were increased in AEI only group, but improved after hAFSCs treatment for 1, 3, and 7 days.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Bladder overactivity caused by chronic bladder ischemia can be improved by hAFSCs treatment, probably by acting through down\u2010regulation of oxidative stress and TNF\u2010alpha expressions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.23316","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,12]],"date-time":"2017-06-12T11:02:52Z","timestamp":1497265372000},"page":"123-131","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Amniotic fluid stem cells ameliorate bladder dysfunction induced by chronic bladder ischemia in rat"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Ching\u2010Chung","family":"Liang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Female Urology Section, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Linkou 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