{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T00:37:30Z","timestamp":1789000650048,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,26]],"date-time":"2017-12-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1514246400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81370858"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81370858"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81570683"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81570683"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neurourology and Urodynamics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To investigate the expression of programmed death ligand\u20101 (PD\u2010L1) in interstitial cystitis (IC).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We reviewed the data of IC patients underwent hydrodistension plus bladder biopsy. Follow\u2010ups were performed. We assessed the degree of inflammation of the bladder wall on slides stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&amp;E). We performed immunohistochemistry for PD\u2010L1 expression detection and for counting T lymphocytes and B lymphocytes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The present study included eight men and 32 women. With H&amp;E staining, we detected 13, 15, and 12 patients with mild, moderate, and severe inflammation. The degree of inflammation was negatively correlated with disease course (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.018) and positively correlated with bladder pain (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Hydrodistension was found effective at postoperative 3\u2010month for 19 patients. Overall, 17, 15, 7, and 1 subject had no, mild, moderate, and high PD\u2010L1 expression, that correlated positively with the degree of inflammation. Compared with patients with no and mild PD\u2010L1 expression, patients with moderate and high PD\u2010L1 expression tended to have more effective hydrodistension outcomes (12 of 32 vs 7 of 8; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.017). In the subset of 12 patients with severe inflammation, there were five of six patients (83.3%) with moderate or high PD\u2010L1 expression and one of six patients (16.7%) with no and mild PD\u2010L1 expression with an effective hydrodistension outcome.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Expression of PD\u2010L1 on bladder is detected in a cohort of IC patients presented with diffuse global glomerulation or Hunner ulcer. PD\u2010L1 expression is more common in IC patients with severe bladder inflammation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.23459","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,26]],"date-time":"2017-12-26T07:53:32Z","timestamp":1514274812000},"page":"1396-1404","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Expression of programmed death ligand\u20101 on bladder tissues is detected in a clinically and histologically well\u2010defined interstitial cystitis cohort"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Yuke","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Peking University First Hospital Xicheng District Beijing China"},{"name":"Institute of Urology Peking University National Urological Cancer Center Xicheng District Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Peking University First 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