{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T23:21:21Z","timestamp":1792624881562,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,10]],"date-time":"2018-01-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1515542400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neurourology and Urodynamics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Previous studies have suggested an association between bladder pain syndrome\/interstitial cystitis (BPS\/IC) and endometriosis. However, no nation\u2010wide population study has yet reported an association between them. In this study, we examined the risk of BPS\/IC among subjects with endometriosis during a 3\u2010year follow\u2010up in Taiwan using a population\u2010based dataset.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study comprised 9191 subjects with endometriosis, and 27\u2009573 subjects randomly selected as controls. We individually followed\u2010up each subject (<jats:italic>n\u2009<\/jats:italic>=\u200936\u2009764) for a 3\u2010year period to identify subjects subsequently diagnosed with BPS\/IC. A Cox proportional hazards regression model was employed to estimate the risk of subsequent BPS\/IC following a diagnosis of endometriosis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Incidences of BPS\/IC during the 3\u2010year follow\u2010up period was 0.2% and 0.05% for subjects with and without endometriosis, respectively. The hazard ratio for developing BPS\/IC over a 3\u2010year period for subjects with endometriosis compared to subjects without endometriosis was 4.43 (95% CI: 2.13\u20109.23). After adjusting for co\u2010morbidities like diabetes, hypertension, coronary heart disease, obesity, hyperlipidemia, chronic pelvic pain, irritable bowel syndrome, fibromyalgia, chronic fatigue syndrome, depression, panic disorder, migraines, sicca syndrome, allergies, endometriosis, asthma, tobacco use, and alcohol abuse, the Cox proportional hazards regressions revealed that the hazard ratio for BPS\/IC among subjects with endometriosis was 3.74 (95% CI\u2009=\u20091.76\u20107.94, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) compared to that in controls.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study provides epidemiological evidence of an association between endometriosis and a subsequent diagnosis of BPS\/IC.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.23462","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,10]],"date-time":"2018-01-10T14:08:54Z","timestamp":1515593334000},"page":"1413-1418","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["Endometriosis increased the risk of bladder pain syndrome\/interstitial cystitis: A population\u2010based study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Chia\u2010Chang","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Shuang\u2010Ho Hospital New Taipei City Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Urology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1817-6106","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shiu\u2010Dong","family":"Chung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Urology Department of Surgery Far Eastern Memorial Hospital Ban Ciao Taipei Taiwan"},{"name":"Graduate Program in Biomedical Informatics College of Informatics Yuan\u2010Ze University Chung\u2010Li Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4661-959X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Herng\u2010Ching","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center of Sleep Medicine School of Health Care Administration and College of Medicine Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ju.0000146114.53828.82"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2007.10.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1074-3804(05)80830-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","first-page":"311","article-title":"The evil twins of chronic pelvic pain 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