{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,18]],"date-time":"2026-04-18T00:42:53Z","timestamp":1776472973083,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,9]],"date-time":"2018-01-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1515456000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"JSPS KAKENHI","award":["JP17K11173"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP17K11173"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neurourology and Urodynamics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>To explore the role of luteinizing hormone (LH) in the urinary continence mechanism, urethral function was investigated using a postmenopausal rat model with high serum LH concentrations and the postmenopausal rat model given a gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist to lower LH concentrations.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Adult female rats were divided into: 1) sham group; 2) ovariectomy group (OVX) with removal of bilateral ovaries; 3) OVX and GnRH\u2010antagonist administered group (OVX + G); and 4) sham and GnRH\u2010antagonist administered group (Sham + G). Urethral function was evaluated by the sneeze\u2010induced urethral continence reflex experiment, and serum LH and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) concentrations were measured.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>In the sneeze\u2010induced urethral continence reflex experiment, urethral baseline pressure (UBP) and the amplitude of the urethral response during sneezing (A\u2010URS) were measured. The UBP was significantly decreased in the OVX group than in the other groups. A\u2010URS was significantly lower in the OVX group than in the Sham group, but with no significant difference compared with the OVX + G group. Lowering the serum LH by a GnRH\u2010antagonist improved UBP to the same level as in the Sham group. The serum PGE2 concentration was significantly higher in the OVX group than in the other groups.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The results suggested that the increased serum LH concentration in the OVX rat model worsened the continence mechanism. This mechanism is probably associated with an increased PGE2 concentration, because PGE2 caused urethral smooth muscle relaxation. A GnRH\u2010antagonist might improve urinary incontinence by decreasing the serum LH and PGE2 concentrations.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.23470","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,10]],"date-time":"2018-01-10T12:54:11Z","timestamp":1515588851000},"page":"1294-1301","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["High luteinizing hormone weakens urinary continence mechanisms in association with prostaglandin E2 elevation in a postmenopausal rat model"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"37","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2832-3587","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tomohiro","family":"Eriguchi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine Sendai Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Naoki","family":"Kawamorita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine 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