{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T11:44:51Z","timestamp":1774439091529,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,10]],"date-time":"2018-04-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1523318400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000062","name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DK\u2010102427"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DK\u2010102427"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000062","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000062","name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DK\u2010111382"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DK\u2010111382"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000062","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neurourology and Urodynamics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>To establish an animal model of bladder underactivity induced by prolonged and intense stimulation of somatic afferent axons in the tibial nerve.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In seven cats under \u03b1\u2010chloralose anesthesia, tibial nerve stimulation (TNS) of 30\u2010min duration was repeatedly (3\u20108 times) applied at 4\u20106 times threshold (T) intensity for inducing a toe twitch to produce bladder underactivity determined by cystometry. Naloxone (1\u2009mg\/kg, i.v.) was administered to examine the role of opioid receptors in TNS\u2010induced bladder underactivity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>After prolonged (1.5\u20104\u2009h) and intense (4\u20106T) TNS, a complete suppression of the micturition reflex occurred in six cats and an increase in bladder capacity to about 150% of control and a decrease in the micturition contraction amplitude to 50% of control occurred in one cat. The bladder underactivity was maintained for at least 1\u20101.5\u2009h. Naloxone reversed the bladder underactivity, but an additional 30\u2010min TNS removed the naloxone effect.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The results indicate that prolonged and intense activation of somatic afferent axons in the tibial nerve can suppress the central reflex mechanisms controlling micturition. This animal model may be useful for examining the pathophysiology of neurogenic bladder underactivity and for development of new treatments for underactive bladder symptoms.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.23577","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,10]],"date-time":"2018-04-10T23:44:43Z","timestamp":1523403883000},"page":"2121-2127","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Bladder underactivity after prolonged stimulation of somatic afferent axons in the tibial nerve in cats"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Shun","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh Pennsylvania"},{"name":"Department of Urology Qianfoshan Hospital Shandong University Jinan P.R. 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