{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,8]],"date-time":"2025-10-08T22:10:34Z","timestamp":1759961434943,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,20]],"date-time":"2018-04-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1524182400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RO 3589\/2\u20101"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RO 3589\/2\u20101"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neurourology and Urodynamics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>To examine putative interaction between adrenergic and muscarinic contractile activation in the human urinary outflow tract.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Tissue from the trigone and prostatic urethra was obtained from 12 cystectomy and 16 prostatectomy specimen. Contractions were elicited by exposure to exogenous agonists before and after inhibition of Rho kinase and protein kinase c (PKC). Immunofluorescence and Western\u2010blot studies were performed using antibodies to muscarinic M3\u2010receptors (M3\u2010R) and alpha1A\u2010adrenoreceptors (alpha1A\u2010AR). The study is registered with <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/ClinicalTrials.gov\">ClinicalTrials.gov<\/jats:ext-link>, number NCT01227447.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>There was strong co\u2010localization of M3\u2010R and alpha1A\u2010AR on trigonal and urethral myocytes. Western blot analysis revealed a significantly higher expression of alpha1A\u2010AR in the superficial than in the deep trigone. Phenylephrine (PE, 1\u2009\u03bcm) augmented contractions induced by carbachol (CA, 3\u2009\u03bcm) to more than threefold control in the male superficial trigone, and to about sevenfold control in the proximal urethra. No such potentiation could be detected in female bladder outlet. Both PKC inhibitor GF 109203X and Rho kinase inhibitor Y\u201027632 reduced responses to 1\u2009\u03bcM PE as well as to 3\u2009\u03bcM CA significantly. However, the synergistic effect of the combined intervention remained proportionally unaffected.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Muscarinic and adrenergic receptor activation exerts a strong synergistic effect in the male human bladder trigone and proximal urethra.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.23578","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,20]],"date-time":"2018-04-20T07:18:02Z","timestamp":1524208682000},"page":"2128-2134","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Adreno\u2010muscarinic synergy in the male human urinary outflow tract"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Sebastian","family":"Walther","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Ludwig Maximilians University Munich Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Frank","family":"Strittmatter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Ludwig Maximilians University Munich Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Hennenberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Ludwig Maximilians University Munich Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Gratzke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Ludwig Maximilians University Munich Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christian G.","family":"Stief","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Ludwig Maximilians University Munich Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3887-2846","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexander","family":"Roosen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Ludwig Maximilians University Munich Germany"},{"name":"Department of Urology Augusta\u2010Kliniken Bochum Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,20]]},"reference":[{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2008.06.048"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ceca.2008.05.002"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-410X.2007.07351.x"},{"volume-title":"Campbell\u2010Walsh Urology","year":"2015","author":"Wein A","key":"e_1_2_9_5_1"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-410X.2011.10255.x"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-410X.2012.11698.x"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2008.11.009"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(05)68247-X"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2006.04.040"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","DOI":"10.1159\/000052324"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(17)39901-9"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-2999(96)00197-5"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(17)62584-9"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(17)62585-0"}],"container-title":["Neurourology and Urodynamics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fnau.23578","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/nau.23578","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,17]],"date-time":"2023-09-17T06:25:34Z","timestamp":1694931934000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/nau.23578"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,20]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/nau.23578"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/nau.23578","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0733-2467","1520-6777"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0733-2467"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1520-6777"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,20]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2018-01-08","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2018-03-11","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2018-04-20","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}