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Further research is required to explore the association between bladder wall inflammation and alterations in detrusor contractile functions. The complex interrelationship between urinary retention and psychological co\u2010morbidities and sexual trauma were explored, and the overlap between these and psychological co\u2010morbidities and functional neurological problems with functional urological problems were recognized. Understanding the mechanism of action of sacral neuromodulation, often a successful treatment for urinary retention, would provide insight into the underlying factors that may be responsible for urinary retention. Specifically, there is a need to understand the role of the endogenous enkephalinergic system in the pathogenesis of urinary retention and to identify predictors of successful treatment with sacral neuromodulation. Based on current understanding and potential directions of research in the future, an algorithm for the evaluation of women with voiding dysfunction was proposed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>In the future, recommendations for research should lead to a better understanding of urinary retention in women and its treatment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.23709","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,1]],"date-time":"2018-08-01T12:32:03Z","timestamp":1533126723000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Do we understand voiding dysfunction in women? 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