{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]],"date-time":"2026-07-22T04:29:10Z","timestamp":1784694550451,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,12]],"date-time":"2018-07-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1531353600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 NS085426"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 NS085426"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 NS099076"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 NS099076"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100003146","name":"Morton Cure Paralysis Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100003146","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neurourology and Urodynamics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study was designed to determine specific cell groups of the raphe nuclei (RN) that give rise to supraspinal serotonergic projections regulating the bladder reflex.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Anesthetized rats underwent surgery to open the abdomen and expose the bladder. A total of 6\u2009\u00b5L transsynaptic neuronal tracer pseudorabies virus (PRV\u2010152), encoding for green fluorescent protein (GFP), was injected into the bladder detrusor. After 72 or 96\u2009h, animals were perfused and the brain was dissected for processing transverse and sagittal sections. Subsequently, fluorescent immunohistochemistry for GFP and Serotonin (5\u2010hydroxytryptamine [5\u2010HT]) was performed in the brain sections. Under the microscope, each RN subset was characterized individually from caudal to rostral according to the atlas. GFP<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> or GFP\/5\u2010HT double labeled neurons in each subset were quantified for statistical analysis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>At 72\u2010h post\u2010infection, very few GFP<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> or GFP\/5\u2010HT double\u2010labeled neurons appeared in the brainstem and beyond. In contrast, many labeled neurons were found at these levels after 96\u2009h. Quantitative analysis showed that the majority of infected 5\u2010HT<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> neurons were located in the pallidus, obscurus, and magnus nuclei. Conversely, very few infected neurons were found in other raphe subsets, that is the pontis, median, dorsal, or linear nuclei. Overall, the raphe magnus had the highest number of GFP\u2010labeled and GFP\/5\u2010HT double\u2010labeled cells.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The caudal subsets of RN, especially the raphe magnus, are the main sources of serotonergic input to the lower spinal cord controlling bladder activity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.23762","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,12]],"date-time":"2018-07-12T10:21:50Z","timestamp":1531390910000},"page":"2487-2494","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Transsynaptic tracing to dissect supraspinal serotonergic input regulating the bladder reflex in rats"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Jemin","family":"Ahn","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy Spinal Cord Research Center Drexel University College of Medicine Philadelphia 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