{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T21:37:59Z","timestamp":1782509879487,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,14]],"date-time":"2019-03-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1552521600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000377","name":"Dunhill Medical Trust","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000377","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neurourology and Urodynamics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Lower urinary tract symptoms occur in 27% to 86% of patients with Parkinson's disease (PD), however, the mechanisms responsible for bladder dysfunction are not fully understood. This study utilized magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to test the hypothesis that key brainstem bladder control areas (including the pontine micturition center and the pontine continence center (PCC) and their links with the basal ganglia are important in the development of urinary storage symptoms in PD.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Seventeen patients with PD completed a \u201cbladder symptom questionnaire\u201d and underwent diffusion\u2010weighted MRI (1.5\u2009T). Storage symptom severity and MRI measures of white matter microstructural integrity were correlated using tract\u2010based spatial statistics.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Mean diffusivity in the ventral brainstem correlated significantly with the bladder symptom severity in areas close to the predicted anatomical co\u2010ordinates of the PCC. Tracts seeded from these regions passed via areas involved in pelvic floor musculature control and urinary voiding including the cerebellum, pallidum, and precentral gyrus.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>We used diffusion\u2010weighted MRI to investigate the role of the brainstem and its structural connections in the development of urinary storage symptoms in PD. Our data suggest that the brainstem degenerative change in the vicinity of the PCC may be implicated in the pathogenesis of storage symptoms in these patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.23976","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,14]],"date-time":"2019-03-14T14:06:23Z","timestamp":1552572383000},"page":"1168-1175","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Investigation of urinary storage symptoms in Parkinson's disease utilizing structural MRI techniques"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"38","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0691-6605","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Holly A.","family":"Roy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Functional Neurosurgery John Radcliffe Hospital Oxford United Kingdom"},{"name":"Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences University of Oxford Oxford United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Derek J.","family":"Griffiths","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Geriatric Medicine and Institute on Ageing (retired) University of Pittsburgh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tipu Z.","family":"Aziz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Functional Neurosurgery John Radcliffe Hospital Oxford United Kingdom"},{"name":"Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences University of Oxford Oxford United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexander L.","family":"Green","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Functional Neurosurgery John Radcliffe Hospital Oxford United Kingdom"},{"name":"Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences University of Oxford Oxford United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ricarda A. 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