{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T14:50:41Z","timestamp":1786978241248,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,18]],"date-time":"2019-07-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1563408000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000062","name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DK082644"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DK082644"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000062","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000062","name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DK113525"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DK113525"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000062","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000049","name":"National Institute on Aging","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AG053778"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AG053778"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000049","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neurourology and Urodynamics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The prevalence of fecal incontinence (FI) increases with age and affects more than 15% of the elderly population. Sarcopenia, skeletal muscle structural, and functional decline with aging, is known to be caused by neuromuscular dysfunction. However, age\u2010related alterations of the neuromuscular function of the external anal sphincter (EAS) have not been studied. This study aims to quantitatively characterize the effect of aging on the EAS by assessing the firing patterns and size of motor unit action potential (MUAP) using high\u2010density surface electromyography (HD\u2010sEMG) recording and analysis techniques.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Thirteen young (31.0\u2009\u00b1\u20093.6 years) and 14 elderly (64.3\u2009\u00b1\u20096.2 years) healthy women were recruited for this study. EMG activity of the EAS during maximal voluntary contraction was recorded by a 64\u2010Channel, HD\u2010sEMG intra\u2010rectal probe. HD\u2010sEMG signals were decomposed into MUAP spike trains to extract the firing rate and amplitudes thereof.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      HD\u2010sEMG decomposition was successfully performed. For the young and elderly groups, mean motor unit (MU) firing rates of 11.4\u2009\u00b1\u20092.1 pulses per second (PPS) and 9.6\u2009\u00b1\u20092.3 PPS, and mean MUAP amplitudes of 45.2\u2009\u00b1\u200914.3\u2009\u00b5V and 61.9\u2009\u00b1\u200921.2\u2009\u00b5V were respectively obtained. Both the MU firing rate and MUAP amplitude were significantly different between two groups (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u2009.05). Moreover, the MUAP firing rate and amplitude correlated with age with a linear regression model (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u2009.05).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study represents the first effort to examine the effect of aging on the neuromuscular function of EAS. Results suggest an age\u2010related impairment of lower motor neuron descending excitation to the EAS with a compensatory increase in mean MU size.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.24108","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,19]],"date-time":"2019-07-19T00:49:11Z","timestamp":1563497351000},"page":"1828-1833","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Neural control properties of the external anal sphincter in young and elderly women"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"Nicholas","family":"Dias","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Houston  Houston Texas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chuan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Houston  Houston Texas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xuhong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Third Xiangya Hospital Central South University  Changsha China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leila","family":"Neshatian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gastroenterology &amp; Hepatology Stanford University School of Medicine  Stanford California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francisco J.","family":"Orejuela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology Baylor College of Medicine  Houston Texas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1927-4103","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yingchun","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Houston  Houston Texas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2008.11.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2005.30511.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2009.04.054"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10350-006-0657-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02562120"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0838.1995.tb00026.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/61.10.1059"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1995.79.6.1908"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/64.1.29"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410240206"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.51.3.403"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.880120508"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00192-016-3026-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00894.2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jelekin.2014.05.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.23809"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2016.06.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11357-016-9915-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JBHI.2014.2328497"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TBME.2014.2368514"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1993.74.2.868"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/glt135"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.43.4.343"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1982.sp014294"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0013-4694(89)90122-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"KasiPK KrivickasLS MeisterM et al. 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