{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T18:39:32Z","timestamp":1788287972039,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,3]],"date-time":"2019-12-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1575331200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neurourology and Urodynamics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>To evaluate the expression of genes and proteins related to the urethral muscles of female rats after trauma by vaginal distention (VD) and after electrical stimulation therapy (EST).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We compared the urethras of four groups of 20 animals each: control without trauma (C), 7 (recent\u2010trauma) and 30 days (late\u2010trauma) post\u2010VD, and VD\u2010treated with EST. We evaluated the expression of myogenic regulatory factors MYOD1 and myogenin (MYOG); skeletal muscle myosin heavy chain 1, 2, and 3 (MYH1, MYH2, and MYH3); smooth muscle MYH11; and myosin light chain 9 (MYL9). We used real\u2010time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, Western blot analysis, and immunohistochemistry.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>MYOD1 and MYOG genes were overexpressed in the recent\u2010trauma group compared with the other groups (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.05). MYH1 and MYH3 genes were upregulated in the recent\u2010trauma group compared with the control and EST groups (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.05). The MYH2 gene was overexpressed in the late\u2010trauma group (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.05), while the MYH2 protein was significantly increased in the EST group compared with control, recent\u2010trauma and late\u2010trauma groups by 5\u2010, 3\u2010, and 2.7\u2010fold change, respectively (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.05). MYL9 and MYH11 messenger RNA were overexpressed in both trauma groups compared with control and EST groups (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.05). MYH11 protein was not different among the study groups (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&gt;\u2009.05).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>EST enhances the recovery of the damaged urethral tissue of rats mainly by acting on the striated\u2010muscle components. The MYH2 pathway underlies the positive effects of EST in the external urethral sphincter.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.24243","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,3]],"date-time":"2019-12-03T16:34:14Z","timestamp":1575390854000},"page":"576-585","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["The molecular effects of electrical stimulation on the muscle components of the urethra of female rats after trauma by vaginal distention"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"Gisela R. F.","family":"Salerno","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gynecology, Sector of Urogynecology and Vaginal Surgery Universidade Federal de S\u00e3o Paulo S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2824-5320","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria A. 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