{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T18:42:06Z","timestamp":1789756926146,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,14]],"date-time":"2020-05-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1589414400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neurourology and Urodynamics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aim of the present work is to analyze the safety profile, effectiveness, and favorable and unfavorable predictors of clinical outcome in urethral bulking with Bulkamid, and to better identify the ideal candidate for the procedure.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We included all consecutive female patients treated with urethral bulking with Bulkamid at our institution within 2 years. Patients were affected by stress urinary incontinence (SUI) or mixed incontinence. Incontinence severity was classified as \u201cmild\u201d (urinary leakage &lt;50\u2009g\/die), \u201cmoderate\u201d (50\u2010200\u2009g\/die), or \u201csevere\u201d (&gt;200\u2009g\/die) at 24\u2010hours pad test. Clinical success was defined as \u201cdry\u201d (no pads); clinical failure included \u201cpartial improvement\u201d (&gt;50% 24\u2010hours pad test reduction) and \u201cno benefit\u201d (&lt;50% 24\u2010hours pad test reduction). The <jats:italic>\u03c7<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> and Mann\u2010Whitney tests were performed to assess the predictors of clinical outcome.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The success rate was 36.1% (n\u2009=\u200935). Forty\u2010three patients (44.3%) reported continence improvement. Complications included eight urinary retention cases (8.2%). Statistically significant correlation was observed between incontinence severity and clinical outcome in thee\u00a0<jats:italic>\u03c7<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> test (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.008). No significant correlation was found between functional outcome and urodynamic incontinence features, postoperative urinary retention, previous pelvic surgery, age, and other physiological, pathological, and urodynamics characteristics. Urinary retention following the surgical procedure appeared to be related to clinical success with nonsignificant <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> value (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.10).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Bulkamid procedure could be proposed with good results in elderly patients or in patients requiring a low\u2010invasive procedure with low risk of complications, affected either by SUI or mixed incontinence and with mild to moderate incontinence. Previous training to clean intermittent self\u2010catheterization maneuver should be performed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.24388","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,14]],"date-time":"2020-05-14T22:21:45Z","timestamp":1589494905000},"page":"1523-1528","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Urethral bulking with Bulkamid: An analysis of efficacy, safety profile, and predictors of functional outcomes in a single\u2010center cohort"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"Alessandro","family":"Giamm\u00f2","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurourology, CTO\u2010Spinal Cord Unit AOU Citt\u00e0 della Salute e della Scienza di Torino  Turin Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paolo","family":"Geretto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurourology, CTO\u2010Spinal Cord Unit AOU Citt\u00e0 della Salute e della Scienza di Torino  Turin Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9162-8845","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Enrico","family":"Ammirati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurourology, CTO\u2010Spinal Cord Unit AOU Citt\u00e0 della Salute e della Scienza di Torino  Turin Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alberto","family":"Manassero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurourology, CTO\u2010Spinal Cord Unit AOU Citt\u00e0 della Salute e della Scienza di Torino  Turin Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luisella","family":"Squintone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurourology, CTO\u2010Spinal Cord Unit AOU Citt\u00e0 della Salute e della Scienza di Torino  Turin Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dario","family":"Vercelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurourology, CTO\u2010Spinal Cord Unit AOU Citt\u00e0 della Salute e della Scienza di Torino  Turin Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberto","family":"Carone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurourology, CTO\u2010Spinal Cord Unit AOU Citt\u00e0 della Salute e della Scienza di Torino  Turin Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","first-page":"CD003881","article-title":"Urethral injection therapy for urinary incontinence in women","volume":"7","author":"Kirchin V","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2005.00547.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00192-012-1825-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","first-page":"428","article-title":"Durability, safety and efficacy of polyacrylamide hydrogel (Bulkamid\u00ae) in the management of stress and mixed urinary incontinence: three year follow up outcomes","volume":"68","author":"Pai A","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cent Eur J Urol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2015.03.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","first-page":"CD006375","article-title":"Mid\u2010urethral sling operations for stress urinary incontinence in women","volume":"7","author":"Ford AA","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","unstructured":"Scientific Committee on Emerging and Newly Identified Health Risks (SCENIHR) The safety of surgical meshes used in urogynecological surgery 3 December2015."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","unstructured":"U. 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