{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T00:40:58Z","timestamp":1792629658032,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,16]],"date-time":"2020-06-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1592265600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000062","name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DK\u2010111382"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DK\u2010111382"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000062","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000062","name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DK121698"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DK121698"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000062","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neurourology and Urodynamics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>To determine if superficial peroneal nerve stimulation (SPNS) can improve nonobstructive urinary retention (NOUR).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In \u03b1\u2010chloralose anesthetized cats, NOUR was induced by repetitive application (4\u201016 times) of 30\u2010minute tibial nerve stimulation (TNS: 5\u2009Hz frequency, 0.2\u2009ms pulse width) at 4 to 6 times threshold intensity (T) for inducing toe twitches. SPNS (1\u2009Hz, 0.2\u2009ms) at 2 to 4 times threshold intensity (T) for inducing posterior thigh muscle contractions was applied either continuously (SPNSc) during a cystometrogram (CMG) or during voiding (SPNSv) by a surgically implanted cuff electrode or by skin surface electrodes to determine if the stimulation reduced NOUR induced by prolonged TNS.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>During control CMGs, efficient (86.4%\u2009\u00b1\u20095.5%) voiding occurred with a postvoid residual (PVR) volume equal to 14.9%\u2009\u00b1\u20096.2% of control bladder capacity. NOUR elicited by prolonged TNS significantly (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.05) increased bladder capacity to 168.6%\u2009\u00b1\u200915.5% of control, reduced voiding efficiency to 30.4%\u2009\u00b1\u20094.8%, and increased PVR to 109%\u2009\u00b1\u20099.2% of control. Using the implanted cuff electrode, SPNSc and SPNSv significantly (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.05) increased voiding efficiency to 66.7%\u2009\u00b1\u20097.4% and 65.0%\u2009\u00b1\u20095.9%, respectively, and reduced PVR to 52.2%\u2009\u00b1\u200911.4% and 64.3%\u2009\u00b1\u200911.6%, respectively. SPNSc but not SPNSv significantly (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.05) reduced bladder capacity to 133.4%\u2009\u00b1\u200915% of control. Transcutaneous SPNSv but not SPNSc also significantly (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.05) reversed the TNS\u2010induced NOUR responses.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study shows that SPNS is effective in reversing NOUR induced by prolonged TNS. Transcutaneous SPNS provides the opportunity to develop a noninvasive neuromodulation therapy for NOUR to treat more patients than current sacral neuromodulation therapy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.24438","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,16]],"date-time":"2020-06-16T12:01:17Z","timestamp":1592308877000},"page":"1679-1686","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Superficial peroneal neuromodulation of nonobstructive urinary retention in cats"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"Jun","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh Pennsylvania"},{"name":"Department of Urology The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xian Jiaotong University Xian 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