{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T02:27:00Z","timestamp":1740104820343,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,29]],"date-time":"2020-07-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1595980800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"JSPS KAKENHI","award":["17K11174"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["17K11174"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neurourology and Urodynamics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>Chronic prostatitis\/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP\/CPPS) causes long\u2010standing pain and\/or storage symptoms. This study aimed to evaluate the likelihood of deterioration of bladder sensation in a carrageenan\u2010induced CP\/CPPS model by direct measurement of the bladder mechanosensitive single\u2010unit afferent nerve activity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this study, male adult Sprague\u2010Dawley rats were used. They were injected 50\u2009\u00b5L of 3% \u03bb\u2010carrageenan or its vehicle (saline) into both lobes of the ventral prostate. Seven days following injection, the pain behavior at the pelvic\u2010perineal area (using von Frey filaments), prostatic blood flow (using a laser blood flowmeter), and histology were examined along with cystometry (under conscious free\u2010moving condition) and mechanosensitive single\u2010unit afferent nerve activity (under urethane anesthesia).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The prostate showed increased tissue weight and decreased blood flow and inflammatory cell infiltration in the carrageenan group compared to the control group. Consequently, the threshold of the pain behavior was decreased, and the basal and threshold pressures of the bladder were increased in the carrageenan group. In contrast, no significant differences of bladder histology and other cystometric parameters were found between the groups. Regarding A\u03b4\u2010 or C\u2010fibers, the mechanosensitive afferent nerve activities revealed no differences in either group.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The carrageenan\u2010induced CP\/CPPS rat model showed edema, ischemia, and inflammatory pain in the prostate, whereas a little change was detected in bladder sensation. These findings, which were evaluated using a direct measurement of the mechanosensitive single\u2010unit afferent nerve activity, suggest that the bladder sensation is unlikely deteriorated in this model.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.24453","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,29]],"date-time":"2020-07-29T16:22:48Z","timestamp":1596039768000},"page":"2111-2119","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Bladder sensation evaluation of a carrageenan\u2010induced chronic prostatitis model using a direct measurement of the bladder mechanosensitive single\u2010unit afferent nerve activity"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"39","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4645-9293","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Naoki","family":"Aizawa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology Dokkyo Medical University Tochigi 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