{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T23:31:10Z","timestamp":1777764670888,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,5]],"date-time":"2020-11-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604534400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002322","name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neurourology and Urodynamics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>To evaluate inter\u2010 and intrarater reliability of unidigital and bidigital vaginal palpation of pelvic floor muscle (PFM) maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) according to PFM risk factors and dysfunctions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 187 women were recruited and evaluated by two examiners. Both performed the evaluation of MVC with unidigital and bidigital palpation, graded by Modified Oxford Scale. After 7\u201310 days, one examiner repeated the assessment. To analyze reliability by Cohen\u02bcs linear Kappa (\u03baw), participants were allocated into different groups according to: body mass index (BMI), menopause, parity, type of delivery and PFM dysfunctions, as pelvic organ prolapse (POP), constipation, urgency, urgency urinary incontinence, pelvic pain, and stress urinary incontinence.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Inter\u2010rater reliability of unidigital palpation was considered fair (\u03baw\u2009=\u20090.21\u20130.40) to moderate (\u03baw\u2009=\u20090.41\u20130.60) according to BMI, postmenopausal status, parity, type of delivery, and PFM dysfunctions. Inter\u2010rater reliability of bidigital palpation varied from none (\u03baw\u2009=\u20090.00\u20130.20) to moderate for all risk factors and PFM dysfunctions. Intra\u2010rater reliability of unidigital palpation was considered fair only for women with POP (\u03baw\u2009=\u20090.37) and moderate to substantial (\u03baw\u2009=\u20090.61\u20130.80) to all other variables. Intra\u2010rater reliability of bidigital palpation ranged from moderate to almost perfect (\u03baw\u2009=\u20090.81\u20131.00).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>When performing vaginal palpation, physiotherapists must consider the way that is performing the evaluation, as some PFM risk factors and dysfunctions could influence the inter\u2010 and intrarater reliability of unidigital and bidigital palpation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.24566","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,5]],"date-time":"2020-11-05T17:37:41Z","timestamp":1604597861000},"page":"348-357","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Inter\u2010 and intrarater reliability of unidigital and bidigital vaginal palpation to evaluation of maximal voluntary contraction of pelvic floor muscles considering risk factors and dysfunctions"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"40","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9867-3788","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jordana B.","family":"da Silva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy Women's Health Research Laboratory S\u00e3o Carlos S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8797-8981","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tatiana","family":"de Oliveira Sato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy Preventive Physical Therapy and Ergonomics Laboratory S\u00e3o Carlos S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3043-8607","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana P. R.","family":"Rocha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy Women's Health Research Laboratory S\u00e3o Carlos S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8067-9786","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patricia","family":"Driusso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy Women's Health Research Laboratory S\u00e3o Carlos S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.2099"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbmt.2009.07.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.20144"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S1807-59322009000600007"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physio.2010.06.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12905-014-0143-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/85.3.269"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00192-009-0977-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","volume-title":"Physiology of Sport and Exercise","author":"Kenney WL","year":"2012"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Terminology and measurement in exercise performance","volume":"1","author":"Knuttgen HG","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Appl Sport Sci Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00192-009-0976-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.23285"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","first-page":"2428","article-title":"Vaginal palpation of pelvic floor muscle strength: inter\u2010test reproducibility and comparison between palpation and vaginal squeeze pressure","volume":"169","author":"B\u00f8 K","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.20201"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000292282"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","first-page":"155","article-title":"A guideline of selecting and reporting intraclass correlation coefficients for reliability research","volume":"15","author":"Koo TK","year":"2016","journal-title":"Chiropr Man Therap"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.20659"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.23287"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12894-015-0017-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.12426"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.24263"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ju.0000071880.15741.5f"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2016.02.033"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5115\/acb.2017.50.4.265"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2013.08.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2008.02107.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0b013e3182267f2f"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00192-019-04044-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00192-015-2938-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-9406(05)61108-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/1082-989X.1.2.150"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s001920050008"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1381\/096089205774512546"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000441-200604000-00004"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/GME.0000000000000278"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00192-020-04231-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4238\/2015.April.10.9"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.13301"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/del022"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.22612"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/pzy084"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_43_1","article-title":"Pelvic floor muscle function in women with and without urinary incontinence: are strength and endurance the only relevant functions? a cross\u2010sectional study [published online ahead of print December 19, 2019]","author":"Vieira GF","year":"2019","journal-title":"Physiotherapy"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/bjpt-rbf.2014.0038"}],"container-title":["Neurourology and Urodynamics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/nau.24566","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/nau.24566","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/nau.24566","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,27]],"date-time":"2023-08-27T03:39:02Z","timestamp":1693107542000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/nau.24566"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,5]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/nau.24566"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/nau.24566","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0733-2467","1520-6777"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0733-2467","type":"print"},{"value":"1520-6777","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-04-30","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-10-21","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-11-05","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}