{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T02:27:18Z","timestamp":1740104838985,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,24]],"date-time":"2020-11-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1606176000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neurourology and Urodynamics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>The current study aimed to explore the expression of transient receptor potential A1 ion channels (TRPA1) in the rat ureter and to assess if TRPA1\u2010active compounds modulate ureter function.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The expression of TRPA1 in rat ureter tissue was studied by immunofluorescence. The TRPA1 distribution was compared to calcitonin gene\u2010related peptide (CGRP), \u03b1\u2010actin (SMA1), anoctamin\u20101 (ANO1), and c\u2010kit. For in vivo analyses, a catheter was implanted in the right ureter of 50 rats. Ureter peristalsis and pressures were continuously recorded by a data acquisition set\u2010up during intraluminal infusion of saline (baseline), saline plus protamine sulfate (PS; to disrupt the urothelium), saline plus PS with hydrogen sulfide (NaHS) or cinnamaldehyde (CA). Comparisons were made between rats treated systemically with vehicle or a TRPA1\u2010antagonist (HC030031).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>TRPA1\u2010immunoreactive nerves co\u2010expressed CGRP and were mainly located in the suburothelial region of the ureter. Immunoreactivity for TRPA1 was also encountered in c\u2010kit\u2010positive but ANO1\u2010negative cells of the ureter suburothelium and wall.<\/jats:p><jats:p>In vivo, HC030031\u2010treated rats had elevated baseline peristaltic frequency (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05) and higher intraluminal pressures (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.01). PS increased the frequency of ureter peristalsis versus baseline in vehicle\u2010treated rats (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) but not in HC030031\u2010treated rats. CA (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) and NaHS (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) decreased ureter peristalsis. This was counteracted by HC030031 (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05 and <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.01).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>In rats, TRPA1 is expressed on cellular structures considered of importance for peristaltic and mechanoafferent functions of the ureter. Functional data indicate that TRPA1\u2010mediated signals regulate ureter peristalsis. This effect was pronounced after mucosal disruption and suggests a role for TRPA1 in ureter pathologies involving urothelial damage.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.24579","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,25]],"date-time":"2020-11-25T05:26:12Z","timestamp":1606281972000},"page":"147-157","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The transient receptor potential A1 ion channel (TRPA1) modifies in vivo autonomous ureter peristalsis in rats"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"40","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9144-9289","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Philipp","family":"Weinhold","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Ludwig\u2010Maximilians\u2010University  Munich Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luca","family":"Villa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology 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