{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T12:10:22Z","timestamp":1791461422894,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,13]],"date-time":"2021-10-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1634083200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001826","name":"ZonMw","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["114024902"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["114024902"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001826","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neurourology and Urodynamics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>To determine the effects of oestrogen or oestrogen deprivation on vaginal wound healing. Impaired wound healing following prolapse surgery may increase the risk of recurrent prolapse in the future. Vaginal oestrogen therapy may improve wound healing, hereby possibly improving surgical outcomes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A systematic search of OVID MEDLINE, OVID Embase, and Web of Science was conducted up to January 28, 2020. We included original studies comparing wound healing\u2010related outcomes of oestrogen exposed subjects (female animals and women) to hypo\u2010oestrogenic subjects after vaginal surgery. Data on wound healing\u2010related outcome measures were extracted. For each individual comparison, the standardised mean difference (Hedges' <jats:italic>g<\/jats:italic>; SMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Of the 1474 studies reviewed, 14 studies were included for review, and 11 provided data for meta\u2010analysis. Oestrogen improves neovascularisation (SMD: 1.13, 95% CI: 0.67\u20131.60), microscopic wound closure (SMD: 0.98, 95% CI: 0.66\u20131.29), collagen synthesis (SMD: 1.08, 95% CI: 0.42\u20131.74), and tissue strength (SMD: 1.26, 95% CI: 0.53\u20131.99) in animals. Oestrogen increases granulation (SMD: 1.67, 95% CI: 0.54\u20132.79) and accelerates macroscopic wound closure (SMD: 1.82, 95% CI: 1.22\u20132.42) in women and animals. Oestrogen decreases the inflammatory response (SMD: \u22120.58, 95% CI: \u22121.14 to \u22120.02) in women and animals and reduces levels of transforming growth factor\u00a0(TGF)\u2010\u03b21 (SMD: \u22121.68, 95% CI: \u22122.52 to \u22120.83) in animals. All results were statistically significant.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Oestrogen therapy has a positive effect on vaginal wound healing. Future studies should determine whether oestrogen therapy has the potential to improve surgical outcomes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.24819","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,17]],"date-time":"2021-10-17T03:34:08Z","timestamp":1634441648000},"page":"115-126","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["The effects of oestrogen on vaginal wound healing: A systematic review and meta\u2010analysis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Eva V.","family":"Vodegel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Amsterdam Reproduction &amp; Development Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC\u2013Location AMC University of Amsterdam  Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arnoud W.","family":"Kastelein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Amsterdam Reproduction &amp; Development Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC\u2013Location AMC University of Amsterdam  Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charlotte H. J. R.","family":"Jansen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Amsterdam Reproduction &amp; Development Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC\u2013Location AMC University of Amsterdam  Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacqueline","family":"Limpens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Research Support, Medical Library, Amsterdam UMC University of Amsterdam  Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sandra E.","family":"Zwolsman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Amsterdam Reproduction &amp; Development Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC\u2013Location AMC University of Amsterdam  Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jan\u2010Paul W. R.","family":"Roovers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Amsterdam Reproduction &amp; Development Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC\u2013Location AMC University of Amsterdam  Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlijn R.","family":"Hooijmans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Evidence, Systematic Review Centre for Laboratory Animal Experimentation (SYRCLE) Radboud University Medical Center  Nijmegen The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zeliha","family":"Guler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Amsterdam Reproduction &amp; Development Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC\u2013Location AMC University of Amsterdam  Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","article-title":"Local oestrogen for vaginal atrophy in postmenopausal women","volume":"8","author":"Lethaby A","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Sys\u00a0Rev"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0136265"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","article-title":"Oestrogen therapy for urinary incontinence in post\u2010menopausal women","volume":"10","author":"Cody JD","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Sys\u00a0Rev"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SPV.0b013e3181ab4804"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2008.01.051"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-5122(99)00079-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms18112325"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034509359125"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0163560"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000339613"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2009.06.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0959-8049(92)90482-H"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13643-016-0384-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","unstructured":"ImageJ [Computer Program]. 1997\u20132020.https:\/\/imagej.nih.gov\/ij\/"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0007824"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0166733"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","volume-title":"Statistical Methods for Meta\u2010Analysis","author":"Hedges LV","year":"1985"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2013.09.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.24260"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00192-012-1793-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2012.03447.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2010.08.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.113.112367"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","first-page":"14","article-title":"The influence of oestradiol and progesterone on wound healing. 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