{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,20]],"date-time":"2026-06-20T04:58:42Z","timestamp":1781931522202,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,17]],"date-time":"2022-07-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1658016000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005851","name":"Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005851","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neurourology and Urodynamics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction (NLUTD), a challenging disorder, is defined by lack of bladder control due to the abnormalities in neural pathways and can be classified based on the location of lesions within the nervous system, thus investigating the neural pathways can help us to know the site of the lesion and specify the class of the NLUTD. Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) tractography, a noninvasive advanced imaging method, is capable of detecting central nervous system pathologies, even if routine magnetic resonance imaging shows no abnormality. Accordingly, tractography is an ideal technique to evaluate patients with NLUTD and visualize the pathology site within the spine. This study aimed to introduce a novel method of spinal cord injury (SCI) to establish NLUTD in the rabbit and to investigate the potential of tractography in tracing neural tracts of the spinal cord in an induced NLUTD animal model.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>An animal model of NLUTD was induced through cauterization of the spinal cord at the level T12\u2013L1 in 12 rabbits. Then rabbits were assessed via DTI, urodynamic studies (UDS), voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG), and pathology assessments using antineurofilament 200 (NF200) antibody, anti\u2010S100, anti\u2010Smooth Muscle Actin, anti\u2010Myogenin, and anti\u2010MyoD1.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The tractography visualized lesions within spinal cord fibers. DTI parameters including fractional anisotropy (FA) value and tract density were significantly decreased (FA: <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2010value\u2009=\u20090.01, Tract density: <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2010value\u2009=\u20090.05) after injury. The mean diffusivity (MD) was insignificantly increased compared to before the injury. Also, the results of UDS and pathology assessments corroborated that applying SCI and the establishment of the NLUTD model was completely successful.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>In the present study, we investigated the auxiliary role of tractography in detecting the spinal cord lesions in the novel established rabbit model of NLUTD. The introduced method of NLUTD induction was without the leg's neurological deficit, easily applicable, low\u2010cost, and was accompanied by minimal surgical preparation and a satisfactory survival rate in comparison with other SCI animal models.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.25009","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,17]],"date-time":"2022-07-17T07:20:11Z","timestamp":1658042411000},"page":"1539-1552","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["The role of spinal cord tractography in detecting lesions following selective bladder afferent and efferent fibers injury: A novel method for induction of neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction in rabbit"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Shaghayegh","family":"Sadeghmousavi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Urology and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Section of Tissue Engineering and 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and Stem Cells Therapy, Children's Hospital Medical Center, Pediatrics' Center of Excellence Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hassan","family":"Niknejad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdol\u2010Mohammad","family":"Kajbafzadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Urology and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Section of Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells Therapy, Children's Hospital Medical Center, Pediatrics' Center of Excellence Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran"},{"name":"Pediatric Urology and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Gene, Cell and Tissue Research Institute, Childern's Medical Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran 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