{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,13]],"date-time":"2025-05-13T15:42:06Z","timestamp":1747150926647,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,4]],"date-time":"2022-08-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1659571200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neurourology and Urodynamics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>A firm pubourethral ligament (PUL) is required to prevent the reflex posterior pelvic muscle forces forcibly opening out the posterior urethral wall on effort. A weak or loose PUL elongates on effort and this allows the posterior pelvic muscles to stretch open the posterior urethral wall causing urine loss, \u201cstress urinary incontinence.\u201d\u00a0Such forcible opening out of the urethra exponentially reduces the urethral resistance to flow inversely by the fourth power of the radius (i.e., 16 times). For example, if the radius doubles in size, the bladder pressure required for urine to flow out decreases by a factor of 16, from say, 160\u00a0to 10\u2009cm H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>O. A midurethral sling reinforces PUL to prevent the urethra opening out, thereby restoring both the distal urethral and bladder neck closure mechanisms.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.25013","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,4]],"date-time":"2022-08-04T13:58:10Z","timestamp":1659621490000},"page":"1924-1927","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["An anatomical pathway for restoration of bladder neck closure by a midurethral sling, according to the integral theory"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"41","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9611-3258","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter\u00a0E. P.","family":"Petros","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Mechanical and Biomechanical Engineering University of Western Australia School of Engineering and Mathematical Sciences Perth Western Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_4_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.24937"},{"issue":"153","key":"e_1_2_4_3_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"An integral theory of female urinary incontinence","volume":"69","author":"Petros PE","year":"1990","journal-title":"Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0412.1990.tb08032.x"},{"issue":"153","key":"e_1_2_4_5_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"An integral theory and its method, for the diagnosis and management of female urinary incontinence","volume":"27","author":"Petros PE","year":"1993","journal-title":"Scand J Urol Nephrol"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.23888"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.23841"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.23840"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9290(97)00050-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01982218"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_11_1","first-page":"210","volume-title":"Proceedings of Biomedical Engineering 2005","author":"Bush MB","year":"2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(99)03069-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_13_1","unstructured":"EnhorningG.Simultaneous recording of intravesical and intraurethral pressure.Acta Chir Scandinavica.1961;(suppl 27):61\u201068."},{"key":"e_1_2_4_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(12)91840-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00192-021-05024-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02765483"}],"container-title":["Neurourology and Urodynamics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/nau.25013","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/nau.25013","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/nau.25013","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,21]],"date-time":"2023-08-21T21:23:24Z","timestamp":1692653004000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/nau.25013"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,4]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/nau.25013"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/nau.25013","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0733-2467","1520-6777"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0733-2467"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1520-6777"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-05-13","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-07-20","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-08-04","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}