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The convergence of the inputs from the involved structures to the same neuronal centers may suggest neuronal hyperexcitability as a mechanism for this co\u2010occurrence.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The present study aimed to investigate the association between IC and ENDO, by studying the changes in brainstem responses to cystometry in a rat model of ENDO and cyclophosphamide (CYP)\u2010induced IC using c\u2010fos immunohistochemistry.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Following cystometry the brainstem areas that had significant increase in c\u2010fos expression in ENDO alone included: periaqueductal gray (PAG) nuclei, dorsal raphe nucleus, raphe obscurus nucleus, kolliker\u2010 Fuse areas, and area postrema. However, the brainstem areas that had increased significantly in the c\u2010fos expression in the ENDO and CYP treated animals included: gigantocellular nucleus, lateral paragigantocellular nucleus, caudoventrolateral nucleus, rostroventrolateral\/caudoventrolateral nucleus, lateral reticular nucleus, locus coeruleus, lateral PAG, raphe pallidus nucleus, raphe magnus nucleus, rostroventrolateral nucleus, dorsal motor nucleus of vagus, and solitary tract nucleus. Whereas only lateral parabrachial nucleus showed significant increase in c\u2010fos expression in CYP treated animals alone.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The results of the present study demonstrate the overlap of brainstem nuclei that are excited by urinary bladder under ENDO and IC conditions. The pattern of hyperexcitability of the brainstem nuclei may help in understating the pathophysiology of IC and ENDO conditions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.25419","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,13]],"date-time":"2024-02-13T09:30:22Z","timestamp":1707816622000},"page":"779-791","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Brainstem nuclei responsive to cystometry in both endometriosis and cystitis rat models: C\u2010fos immunohistochemistry study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"Ayah A.","family":"Bashkami","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Science Al\u2010Balqa Applied University Al\u2010Salt Jordan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2870-6454","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ezidin 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