{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,25]],"date-time":"2025-04-25T04:09:30Z","timestamp":1745554170840,"version":"3.40.4"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,30]],"date-time":"2025-01-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738195200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neurourology and Urodynamics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>To compare the vaginal wall thickness (VWT) measurement by two\u2010dimensional ultrasound (2D\u2010US) and pelvic floor muscle morphometry by four\u2010dimensional translabial ultrasound (4D\u2010TLUS) in women with vaginal laxity (VL) who underwent treatment with radiofrequency (RF) or pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) after 30 days and 6 months.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial that occurred between February 2020 and December 2021 was performed. Women with VL were enrolled and treated with RF or PFMT for 12 weeks. Ultrasound examiners were blinded for the groups. Transabdominal (TAUS) and transvaginal (TVUS) ultrasound were performed with 2D\u2010US analysis. The 4D\u2010TLUS was used for PFM morphometry assessment. We performed per\u2010protocol and intention\u2010to\u2010treat analysis (5% significance).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Women with ballooning presented significantly worse scoring in sexual function (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.037) and vaginal symptoms (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.007) than women without ballooning. Analysis of variance among 2D\u2010US, intervention groups and assessment periods has shown that measurements of the TAUS proximal vagina increased in the PFMT group after 6 months (from 9.90\u2009\u00b1\u20093.14\u2009mm to 10.53\u2009\u00b1\u20092.71\u2009mm; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.006). TAUS\/TVUS distal vagina measurements were reduced after 6 months of RF (TAUS from 11.79\u2009\u00b1\u20093.67\u2009mm to 10.51\u2009\u00b1\u20092.51\u2009mm; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.018\/TVUS from 7.94\u2009\u00b1\u20091.83\u2009mm to 7.32\u2009\u00b1\u20092.10\u2009mm; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.037). On the other hand, 4D\u2010TLUS measurements did not present differences according to the intervention and\/or groups.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Women with ballooning on 4D\u2010TLUS presented significantly worse scoring in sexual function and vaginal symptoms. 2D\u2010US found that RF reduced the VWT of the distal vagina after 6 months and PFMT increased the VWT of the proximal vagina after 6 months.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Clinical Trial Registration:<\/jats:bold> Registro Brasileiro de Ensaios Cl\u00ednicos\u2013REBEC\u2014RBR\u20102zdvfp as a clinical trial.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.25669","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,30]],"date-time":"2025-01-30T10:33:01Z","timestamp":1738233181000},"page":"775-786","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Vaginal Wall Thickness Measurement by 2D\u2010Ultrasound and Pelvic Floor Muscle Morphometry by 4D\u2010Ultrasound in Women With Vaginal Laxity Treated With Radiofrequency or Pelvic Floor Muscle Training"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"44","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4697-5295","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Glaucia Miranda Varella","family":"Pereira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medical Sciences University of Campinas Campinas Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cristiane Martins","family":"de Almeida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medical Sciences University of Campinas Campinas Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8733-7922","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Natalia","family":"Martinho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medical Sciences University of Campinas Campinas Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zsuzsanna Ilona Katalin","family":"Jarmy\u2010Di\u2010Bella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gynecology, Medical School Federal University of S\u00e3o Paulo S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kleber Cursino","family":"de Andrade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medical Sciences University of Campinas Campinas Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marair Gracio Ferreira","family":"Sartori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gynecology, Medical School Federal University of S\u00e3o Paulo S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cassia Raquel Teatin","family":"Juliato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medical Sciences University of Campinas Campinas Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luiz Gustavo Oliveira","family":"Brito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medical Sciences University of Campinas Campinas 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