{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,2]],"date-time":"2026-04-02T13:32:24Z","timestamp":1775136744242,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,31]],"date-time":"2025-03-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743379200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neurourology and Urodynamics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>\u03b2<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\u2010Adrenoceptor agonists such as mirabegron or vibegron reach pharmacokinetic steady\u2010state within a few days. However, maximum improvements in symptoms of the overactive bladder syndrome are reached at time points later than 4 weeks, that is, detrusor smooth muscle relaxation cannot fully explain clinical effects. Therefore, we review mechanistic studies that have administered such drugs for longer periods of time.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Narrative review.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The limited data indicates that \u03b2<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\u2010adrenoceptor agonists reduce bladder fibrosis and hypertrophy and may induce cell proliferation. On the other hand, limited data also indicate that detrusor relaxation responses can partly desensitize with prolonged agonist exposure, possibly off\u2010setting effects on fibrosis and hypertrophy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Further long\u2010term studies with \u03b2<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\u2010adrenoceptor agonists are needed to clarify the role of such processes in clinical improvement of patients with overactive bladder syndrome occurring at time points later than 4 weeks after initiation of treatment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.70043","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,31]],"date-time":"2025-03-31T03:56:17Z","timestamp":1743393377000},"page":"1498-1502","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["\u03b2<sub>3<\/sub>\u2010Adrenoceptor Agonist Effects on the Urinary Bladder Beyond Detrusor Relaxation"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"44","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4161-8467","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martin C.","family":"Michel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Dept. of Pharmacology University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0860-0815","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ebru","family":"Arioglu\u2010Inan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dept. of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy Ankara University Ankara T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1305-6727","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martin","family":"Hennenberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dept. of Urology LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich Munich Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/164_2023_678"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0706619"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.22505"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12325-021-01902-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2012.05.053"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1124\/pharmrev.121.000523"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.14658"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.23725"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12144770"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.21073"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2013.06.043"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1474-8673.2006.00393.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00009.2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.23490"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.23786"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2022.923555"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_18_1","unstructured":"V.Khullar S.Hill L.Cardozo C.Amos andZ.GuanA Multi\u2010Centre Randomised Placebo\u2010Controlled Double\u2010Blind Parallel\u2010Group Study to Evaluate Whether Tolterodine Extended Release Can Reverse the Increased Bladder Wall Thickness in Women With Overactive Bladder. 2007. 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