{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,10]],"date-time":"2026-05-10T14:03:38Z","timestamp":1778421818646,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,28]],"date-time":"2025-09-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759017600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,28]],"date-time":"2025-09-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759017600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neurourology and Urodynamics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Previous studies have found significant sex differences in symptoms among patients with interstitial cystitis\/bladder pain syndrome (IC\/BPS). However, whether this translates into differences in pathology as observed on cystoscopy is unknown. We sought to assess cystoscopic findings in veterans diagnosed with IC\/BPS and to identify possible sex differences in cystoscopic findings.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This was a retrospective study of all hospital visits in the Veteran Health Affairs Hospital System between October 2004 and July 2016. Patients with IC\/BPS were identified from the Veteran Informatics and Computing Infrastructure (VINCI) system using appropriate ICD codes. Patients older than 18 years of age with a confirmed diagnosis of IC\/BPS who underwent cystoscopy were included. Rates of cystoscopic findings of ulceration, glomerulation, inflammation, trabeculation, and tumors adjusted for patient demographics were analyzed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 570 patients met inclusion criteria and underwent analysis (57.9% female). The female cohort was of younger age (48.0 vs. 63.0 years). After adjusting for age, men and women had a similar likelihood of presenting with Hunner's lesions (8.2% for men and 3.7% for women,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&gt;\u20090.05). They also had a similar likelihood of glomerulation (11.4% in men vs. 15.2% in women,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.05) and inflammation (19.6% vs. 15.8%,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&gt;\u20090.05). Men were significantly more likely to present with trabeculation (15.4% vs. 8.1%,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.03). Urothelial tumors on cystoscopy were rare in both groups.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The proportion of patients with ulceration on cystoscopy in this study is consistent with previously published studies, and our study showed a similar prevalence of Hunner's lesions between men and women. Cystoscopic identification of Hunner's lesions is an important aspect of IC\/BPS management given that treatment directed that these lesions is relatively successful compared to other treatments.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.70142","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,28]],"date-time":"2025-09-28T10:38:28Z","timestamp":1759055908000},"page":"1602-1606","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Sex Differences in Cystoscopic Findings Among Veterans With Interstitial Cystitis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Isabella","family":"Dolendo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"NYU Langone Health New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cedars\u2011Sinai Medical Center Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Catherine","family":"Bresee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cedars\u2011Sinai Medical Center Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jose A. 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