{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]],"date-time":"2026-05-15T04:09:08Z","timestamp":1778818148164,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773792000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773792000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neurourology and Urodynamics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To compare different treatment options for giggle incontinence (GI) and to identify clinical and demographic factors associated with complete treatment response (CTR) to a structured management protocol.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We evaluated patients treated for GI in our outpatient clinic (2010\u20132025). Those who failed to achieve CTR and required methylphenidate were divided into two groups: Group 1 received standard urotherapy plus anticholinergics, and Group 2 received standard urotherapy plus biofeedback (BF).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 133 patients were included in the study, Group 1\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200963 and Group 2\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200970. Initially, characteristics of patients with CTR with partial and non\u2010responders, multivariate analysis revealed that admission at post\u2010pubertal age, female sex, and a positive family history were significantly associated with complete response for both Group 1&amp;2. However, no significant association was found with body mass index (BMI), Dysfunctional Voiding and Incontinence Symptoms Score (DVISS), constipation or enuresis. As a secondary outcome, response to methylphenidate was assessed. CTR rates were similar at 1 and 3 months, but at 6\u2010 and 12\u2010months Group 2 showed significantly higher CTR compared to Group 1 (57% vs. 83% and 51% vs. 91%,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>For treatment of GI, post\u2010pubertal age, female gender, and a positive family history were found to be associated with a CTR both for anticholinergics and BF. In refractory GI cases where methylphenidate was added to the treatment, a history of BF therapy was associated with long\u2010term CTR.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.70275","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T10:44:38Z","timestamp":1773830678000},"page":"802-807","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Predictive Factors for Complete Treatment Response in Structured Giggle Incontinence Treatment"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"45","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-8493-8053","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Araz","family":"Musaev","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Ankara University School of Medicine, Division of Pediatric Urology Ankara 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