{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T10:08:19Z","timestamp":1790244499134,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790208000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790208000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neurourology and Urodynamics"],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are among the most common bacterial infections, particularly in women, with significant implications for quality of life and healthcare costs. This systematic review and meta\u2010analysis aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Canephron N in preventing UTIs, comparing its effects to antibiotics and assessing its potential as an antibiotic\u2010sparing alternative.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We conducted a comprehensive literature search across multiple databases (Embase, PubMed, Cochrane, Web of Science, and\n                      <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/ClinicalTrials.gov\">ClinicalTrials.gov<\/jats:ext-link>\n                      ) up to July 2025, following PRISMA guidelines. Risk of bias was assessed using Cochrane RoB 2 for RCTs and ROBINS\u2010I for non\u2010randomized studies. Meta\u2010analyses were performed using random\u2010effects models, with outcomes including bacteriuria presence, Acute Cystitis Symptom Scores (ACSS), and adverse events. Heterogeneity was quantified via the I\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      statistic.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      From 246 initially identified records, 12 studies (eight RCTs, three observational, one retrospective;\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20093821 patients) were included. Canephron N demonstrated non\u2010inferiority to antibiotics in reducing UTI recurrence (6\u2010month rates: 8.9% vs. 17.8%) and symptom severity (ACSS reduction: \u22121.9 to \u22122.3 points). Pooled analyses revealed significant difference in bacteriuria clearance (RR: 1.34, 95% CI: 1.20\u20131.48,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.0001) and no significant adverse events (RR: 0.90, 95% CI: 0.69\u20131.18,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.43), though gastrointestinal events were less frequent with Canephron (4.8% vs. 7.1%). Heterogeneity was moderate (I\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      = 72% for bacteriuria outcomes), attributed to variability in study designs and comparators.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Canephron N is an effective and safe alternative to antibiotics for preventing uncomplicated UTIs, with comparable symptom relief and a lower ecological impact.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.70449","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T09:25:05Z","timestamp":1790241905000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The Effect of Canephron N in Preventing Urinary Tract Infection: A Systematic Review and Meta\u2010Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3679-539X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ezgi Seyhan","family":"Ak","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgical Nursing Istanbul University\u2010Cerrahpa\u015fa Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing  Istanbul Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5460-5844","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yeliz","family":"\u00c7ulha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fundamentals of Nursing Department Istanbul University\u2010Cerrahpa\u015fa Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing  Istanbul Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4059-2293","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mehmet G\u00f6khan","family":"\u00c7ulha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Prof. Dr. Cemil Tasc\u0131oglu City Hospital, University of Health Sciences  Istanbul Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4111\/icu.20200060"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro3432"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.idc.2013.09.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000531206"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","first-page":"277","article-title":"The Antibiotic Resistance Crisis: Part 1: Causes and Threats","volume":"40","author":"Ventola C. 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