{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T04:58:54Z","timestamp":1790744334503,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790640000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790640000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neurourology and Urodynamics"],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Lead migration is a recognized cause of recurrent symptoms and revision following sacral neuromodulation (SNM), yet its radiographic characteristics and associated risk factors remain poorly defined. We evaluated postoperative sacral imaging obtained for suspected lead migration to characterize migration patterns and to identify factors independently associated with lead migration in a contemporary cohort of patients undergoing SNM implantation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We performed a retrospective review of all patients undergoing SNM implantation at a tertiary academic referral center between September 2019 and June 2025. Lead migration was assessed by comparing baseline intraoperative fluoroscopic images with follow\u2010up radiographs using a standardized radiographic measurement protocol.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Among 445 patients undergoing SNM implantation, 173 met at least one predefined indication for postoperative imaging. Ninety\u2010two had both baseline and follow\u2010up imaging available for quantitative assessment. Overall, 35\/445 (7.86%) patients had confirmed lead migration. Migration occurred predominantly in the forward direction (62.9%), with a median time to migration of 16 months (interquartile range, 7\u201328 months). A total of 29\/35 patients (82.9%) underwent surgical revision or device removal. On Firth bias\u2010reduced multivariable logistic regression analysis, Axonics devices were associated with higher odds of lead migration compared with Medtronic devices (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 2.66; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.09\u20136.62;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.031), after adjustment for implantation approach, rechargeable device status, BMI, and age\u2010adjusted CCI. Massive migration (&gt;\u200921\u2009mm) occurred only in Axonics devices.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Lead migration following SNM implantation was uncommon but frequently resulted in surgical intervention. Axonics devices were associated with higher odds of lead migration after adjustment for selected clinical and device\u2010related factors. Importantly given the relatively small number of migration events and retrospective study design, this finding should be considered hypothesis\u2010generating rather than evidence of a causal association. Prospective multicenter studies are warranted to validate these findings and further define the mechanisms and clinical significance of SNM lead migration.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.70464","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T04:23:36Z","timestamp":1790742216000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Lead Migration Following Sacral Neuromodulation Implantation: Contemporary Real\u2010World Experience From a High\u2010Volume Academic Center"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6409-3803","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhenyue","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Stony Brook University Hospital Stony Brook New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-5615-5929","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Spencer H.","family":"Griffin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University Stony Brook New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-8007-8183","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sargam","family":"Panpaliya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University Stony Brook New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-5676-5119","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eshwin","family":"Varghese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University Stony Brook New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-5352-066X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sara","family":"O'Sullivan\u2010Bakshi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University Stony Brook New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5828-6353","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kathryn","family":"Bass","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University Stony Brook New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heng","family":"Ruan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Stony Brook University Hospital Stony Brook New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tiffany Lynn","family":"Damm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Stony Brook University Hospital Stony Brook New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tal","family":"Cohen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Stony Brook University Hospital Stony Brook New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1069-0901","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Justina","family":"Tam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Stony Brook University Hospital Stony Brook New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steve","family":"Weissbart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Stony Brook University Hospital Stony Brook New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9430-1693","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jason","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Stony Brook University Hospital Stony Brook New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2017.07.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.24615"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2010.10.054"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina60030509"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ju.0000092634.64580.9a"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00345-005-0502-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00384-020-03530-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00192-025-06376-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(06)00318-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0895-4356(94)90129-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","unstructured":"\u201cMSNPM \u201d accessed August 11 2026 https:\/\/www.medtronic.com\/content\/dam\/emanuals\/neuro\/M978291A_a_009_view.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","unstructured":"\u201cAxonics Sacral Neuromodulation Manual \u201d Axonics accessed July 8 2026 https:\/\/www.axonics.com\/images\/files\/06-3-2025\/110-0128-201rE_Tined_Lead_Implant_Manual_CA_EN.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/17434440.2017.1268913"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","first-page":"8918","article-title":"Surgical Technique for Removal of Tined Lead for Interstim","volume":"24","author":"Okhunov Z.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Canadian Journal of Urology"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SPV.0000000000000818"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_1","article-title":"Twiddler's Syndrome Causing Lead Fracture in Sacral Neuromodulation: A Case Report","volume":"16","author":"Herrera O.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cureus"}],"container-title":["Neurourology and 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