{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T16:27:50Z","timestamp":1792081670275,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,6,17]],"date-time":"2009-06-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1245196800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Swiss National Science Foundation SNF","award":["3100A0-112835"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["3100A0-112835"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["NMR in Biomedicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The increasing number of mouse models of human disease used in biomedical research applications has led to an enhanced interest in non\u2010invasive imaging of mice, e.g. using MRI for phenotyping. However, MRI of small rodents puts high demands on the sensitivity of data acquisition. This requirement can be addressed by using cryogenic radio\u2010frequency (RF) detection devices. The aim of this work was to investigate the <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> performance of a 400\u2009MHz cryogenic transmit\/receive RF probe (CryoProbe) designed for MRI of the mouse brain. To characterize this novel probe, MR data sets were acquired with both the CryoProbe and a matched conventional receive\u2010only surface coil operating at room temperature (RT) using conventional acquisition protocols (gradient and spin echo) with identical parameter settings. Quantitative comparisons in phantom and <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> experiments revealed gains in the signal\u2010to\u2010noise ratio (SNR) of 2.4 and 2.5, respectively. The increased sensitivity of the CryoProbe was invested to enhance the image quality of high resolution structural images acquired in scan times compatible with routine operation (&lt;\u200945\u2009min). In high resolution (30\u2009\u00d7\u200930\u2009\u00d7\u2009300\u2009\u00b5m<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>) structural images of the mouse cerebellum, anatomical details such as Purkinje cell and molecular layers could be identified. Similarly, isotropic (60\u2009\u00d7\u200960\u2009\u00d7\u200960\u2009\u00b5m<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>) imaging of mouse cortical and subcortical areas revealed anatomical structures smaller than 100\u2009\u00b5m. Finally, 3D MR angiography (52\u2009\u00d7\u200980\u2009\u00d7\u200980\u2009\u00b5m<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>) of the brain vasculature enabled the detailed reconstruction of intracranial vessels (anterior and middle cerebral artery). In conclusion, this low temperature detection device represents an attractive option to increase the performance of small animal MR systems operating at 9.4\u2009Tesla. 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