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However, all previous neurochemical profiling studies using single\u2010voxel MRS at 7\u2009T have been limited to data acquired from the occipital lobe with half\u2010volume coils. The challenges of\n                    <jats:sup>1<\/jats:sup>\n                    H MRS of the human brain at 7\u2009T include short\n                    <jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    and complex\n                    <jats:italic>B<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                    distribution that imposes limitations on the maximum achievable\n                    <jats:italic>B<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                    strength. In this study, the feasibility of acquiring and quantifying short\u2010echo (TE\u2009=\u20098\u2009ms), single\u2010voxel\n                    <jats:sup>1<\/jats:sup>\n                    H MR spectra from multiple brain regions was demonstrated by utilizing a 16\u2010channel transceiver array coil with 16 independent transmit channels, allowing local transmit\n                    <jats:italic>B<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                    (\n                    <jats:italic>B<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    ) shimming. Spectra were acquired from volumes of interest of 1\u20138\u2009mL in brain regions that are of interest for various neurological disorders: frontal white matter, posterior cingulate, putamen, substantia nigra, pons and cerebellar vermis. Local\n                    <jats:italic>B<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    shimming substantially increased the transmit efficiency, especially in the peripheral and ventral brain regions. By optimizing a STEAM sequence for utilization with a 16\u2010channel coil, artifact\u2010free spectra were acquired with a small chemical shift displacement error (&lt;5% \/ppm\/direction) from all regions. The high signal\u2010to\u2010noise ratio enabled the quantification of neurochemical profiles consisting of at least nine metabolites, including \u03b3\u2010aminobutyric acid, glutamate and glutathione, in all brain regions. Significant differences in neurochemical profiles were observed between brain regions. For example, \u03b3\u2010aminobutyric acid levels were highest in the substantia nigra, total creatine was highest in the cerebellar vermis and total choline was highest in the pons, consistent with the known biochemistry of these regions. These findings demonstrate that single\u2010voxel\n                    <jats:sup>1<\/jats:sup>\n                    H MRS at ultra\u2010high field can reliably detect region\u2010specific neurochemical patterns in the human brain, and has the potential to objectively detect alterations in neurochemical profiles associated with neurological diseases. Copyright \u00a9 2011 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/nbm.1727","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,15]],"date-time":"2011-07-15T09:18:34Z","timestamp":1310721514000},"page":"152-160","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":111,"title":["Regional neurochemical profiles in the human brain measured by\n                    <sup>1<\/sup>\n                    H MRS at 7\u2009T using local\n                    <i>B<\/i>\n                    <sub>1<\/sub>\n                    shimming"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Uzay E.","family":"Emir","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, Department of Radiology, School of Medicine University of Minnesota  <i>Minneapolis, MN<\/i> USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edward J.","family":"Auerbach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, Department of Radiology, School of Medicine University of Minnesota  <i>Minneapolis, MN<\/i> USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pierre\u2010Francois Van De","family":"Moortele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, Department of Radiology, School of Medicine University of Minnesota  <i>Minneapolis, MN<\/i> USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ma\u0142gorzata","family":"Marja\u0144ska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, Department of Radiology, School of Medicine University of Minnesota  <i>Minneapolis, MN<\/i> USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kamil","family":"U\u011furbil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, Department of Radiology, School of Medicine University of Minnesota  <i>Minneapolis, MN<\/i> USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Melissa","family":"Terpstra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, Department of Radiology, School of Medicine University of Minnesota  <i>Minneapolis, MN<\/i> USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ivan","family":"Tk\u00e1\u010d","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, Department of Radiology, School of Medicine University of Minnesota  <i>Minneapolis, MN<\/i> USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G\u00fclin","family":"\u00d6z","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, Department of Radiology, School of Medicine University of Minnesota  <i>Minneapolis, MN<\/i> 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