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We labelled rat olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) using micron\u2010sized particles of iron oxide (MPIO) and transplanted them by: i) intravitreal injection (<jats:italic>ivit<\/jats:italic>) and ii) intra\u2010optic nerve (ON) injection (<jats:italic>iON<\/jats:italic>) in adult rats with ON crush (ONC) injury. We applied T<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\u2010weighted MRI and manganese\u2010enhanced MRI (MEMRI) to visualise transplanted cells and ON axons at specific times after injury and cell engraftment. Our findings demonstrate that <jats:italic>ivit<\/jats:italic> MPIO\u2010labelled OECs are unequivocally detected by T<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\u2010weighted MRI <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> and that the T<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\u2010weighted 3D FLASH sequence applied for MEMRI facilitates simultaneous visualisation of Mn<jats:sup>2+\u2212<\/jats:sup>enhanced regenerating retinal ganglion cell (RGC) axons and MPIO\u2010labelled OEC grafts. Furthermore, analysis of MRI data and ultrastructural findings supports the hypothesis that <jats:italic>iON<\/jats:italic> OEC transplants mediate regeneration and remyelination of RGC axons post injury. Copyright \u00a9 2011 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/nbm.1778","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,31]],"date-time":"2011-08-31T23:16:18Z","timestamp":1314832578000},"page":"620-631","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["<i>In vivo<\/i> MRI of olfactory ensheathing cell grafts and regenerating axons in transplant mediated repair of the adult rat optic nerve"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Ioanna","family":"Sandvig","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"MI Lab and Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging Norwegian University of Science and Technology  Trondheim Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marte","family":"Thuen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MI Lab and Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging Norwegian University of Science and Technology  Trondheim Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linh","family":"Hoang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, Children's and Women's Health Norwegian University of Science and Technology  Trondheim Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u00d8ystein","family":"Olsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiography S\u00f8r\u2010Trondelag University College  Trondheim Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas CP","family":"Sardella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences University of Glasgow  Scotland UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Brekken","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MI Lab and Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging Norwegian University of Science and Technology  Trondheim Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K\u00e5re E","family":"Tvedt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, Children's and Women's Health Norwegian University of Science and Technology  Trondheim Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susan C","family":"Barnett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences University of Glasgow  Scotland UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olav","family":"Haraldseth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MI Lab and Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging Norwegian University of Science and Technology  Trondheim Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Berry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Neuroscience, Division of Medical Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Research University of Birmingham  Birmingham UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Axel","family":"Sandvig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MI Lab and Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging Norwegian University of Science and Technology  Trondheim Norway"},{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery Ume\u00e5 University Hospital  Sweden"},{"name":"Laboratory of Regenerative Neurobiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Children's and Women's Health Norwegian University of Science and Technology  Trondheim Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-3806(84)90027-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","volume-title":"Degeneration and regeneration in the nervous system","author":"Ramon y Cajal S","year":"1928"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/284264a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","first-page":"457","volume-title":"Synaptic Plasticity","author":"Aguayo AJ","year":"1985"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.10315"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncpneuro0447"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(00)00080-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02284793"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1007086004022"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.2005.04034.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awh706"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.2006.05230.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dneu.20515"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","first-page":"147","article-title":"Regeneration of axons in the visual system","volume":"26","author":"Berry M","year":"2008","journal-title":"Restor. 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