{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]],"date-time":"2025-10-29T03:33:01Z","timestamp":1761708781864,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,19]],"date-time":"2012-06-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1340064000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["NMR in Biomedicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>There has been growing interest in understanding energy metabolism in human embryos generated using assisted reproductive techniques (ART) for improving the overall success rate of the method. Using NMR spectroscopy as a noninvasive tool, we studied human embryo metabolism to identify specific biomarkers to assess the quality of embryos for their implantation potential. The study was based on estimation of pyruvate, lactate and alanine levels in the growth medium, ISM1, used in the culture of embryos. An NMR study involving 127 embryos from 48 couples revealed that embryos transferred on Day 3 (after 72\u2009h <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> culture) with successful implantation (pregnancy) exhibited significantly (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u200910<jats:sup>\u20105<\/jats:sup>) lower pyruvate\/alanine ratios compared to those that failed to implant. Lactate levels in media were similar for all embryos. This implies that in addition to lactate production, successfully implanted embryos use pyruvate to produce alanine and other cellular functions. While pyruvate and alanine individually have been used as biomarkers, the present study highlights the potential of combining them to provide a single parameter that correlates strongly with implantation potential. Copyright \u00a9 2012 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/nbm.2814","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,19]],"date-time":"2012-06-19T12:11:17Z","timestamp":1340107877000},"page":"20-27","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"title":["NMR studies of preimplantation embryo metabolism in human assisted reproductive techniques: a new biomarker for assessment of embryo implantation potential"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Shivanand M.","family":"Pudakalakatti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"NMR Research Centre, Indian Institute of Science  Bangalore 560012 India"},{"name":"Solid State and Structural Chemistry Unit, Indian Institute of Science  Bangalore 560012 India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shubhashree","family":"Uppangala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Embryology, Department of Obstetrics &amp; Gynecology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal University  Manipal 576 104 India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fiona","family":"D'Souza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Embryology, Department of Obstetrics &amp; Gynecology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal University  Manipal 576 104 India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guruprasad","family":"Kalthur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Embryology, Department of Obstetrics &amp; Gynecology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal University  Manipal 576 104 India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pratap","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Embryology, Department of Obstetrics &amp; Gynecology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal University  Manipal 576 104 India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Satish Kumar","family":"Adiga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Embryology, Department of Obstetrics &amp; Gynecology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal University  Manipal 576 104 India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hanudatta S.","family":"Atreya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NMR Research Centre, Indian Institute of Science  Bangalore 560012 India"},{"name":"Solid State and Structural Chemistry Unit, Indian Institute of Science  Bangalore 560012 India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2796.2011.02445.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/molehr\/gan066"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","first-page":"CD003416","article-title":"Number of embryos for transfer following in\u2010vitro fertilisation or intra\u2010cytoplasmic sperm injection","volume":"4","author":"Pandian Z","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst. 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