{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T01:54:37Z","timestamp":1791510877458,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,17]],"date-time":"2013-02-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1361059200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["NMR in Biomedicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The amelioration of secondary neurological damage is among the most important therapeutic goals for patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Secondary injury of the ipsilateral substantia nigra (SN) and pyramidal tract (PY) is common after cerebral stroke. Such injury has been characterized previously by anatomical or diffusion MRI, but not in a comprehensive manner, and the knowledge regarding the contralateral changes is relatively poor. This study examined longitudinally both contralateral and ipsilateral SN and PY changes following experimental ICH with diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and histology. ICH was induced in 14 Sprague\u2010Dawley rats by the infusion of collagenase into the right striatum. Four\u2010shot, spin\u2010echo, echo\u2010planar DTI was performed at 7\u2009T with a <jats:italic>b<\/jats:italic> value of 1000\u2009s\/mm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> and 30 diffusion gradient directions at 3.5\u2009h and days 1, 3, 7, 14, 42 and 120 after ICH. Fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD), axial diffusivity (<jats:italic>\u03bb<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>\/\/<\/jats:sub>) and radial diffusivity (<jats:italic>\u03bb<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>\u2534<\/jats:sub>) were measured in SN and PY accordingly. Two to three rats were sacrificed at days 3, 7, 42 and 120 for histology. The contralateral SN showed an increase in <jats:italic>\u03bb<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>\/\/<\/jats:sub> with perivascular enlargement during the first 3\u2009days after ICH. The ipsilateral SN showed increases in FA, <jats:italic>\u03bb<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>\/\/<\/jats:sub>, <jats:italic>\u03bb<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>\u2534<\/jats:sub> and MD at day 1, dramatic decreases at day 3 with neuronal degeneration and neuropil vacuolation, and subsequent gradual normalization. The contralateral PY showed diffusivity decreases at day 1. The ipsilateral PY showed early decreases and then late increases in MD and <jats:italic>\u03bb<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>\u2534,<\/jats:sub> and continuously decreasing FA and <jats:italic>\u03bb<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>\/\/<\/jats:sub> with progressive axonal loss and demyelination. In summary, DTI revealed early bilateral changes in SN and PY following ICH. The evolution of the ipsilateral parameters correlated with the histological findings. In the ipsilateral PY, <jats:italic>\u03bb<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>\/\/<\/jats:sub> and <jats:italic>\u03bb<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>\u2534<\/jats:sub> changes indicated evolving and complex pathological processes underlying the monotonic FA decrease. These results support the use of quantitative multiparametric DTI for the evaluation of SN and PY injuries in clinical and preclinical investigations of ICH. Copyright \u00a9 2013 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/nbm.2922","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,18]],"date-time":"2013-02-18T16:01:39Z","timestamp":1361203299000},"page":"1089-1095","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Bilateral substantia nigra and pyramidal tract changes following experimental intracerebral hemorrhage: an MR diffusion tensor imaging study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Shu\u2010Juan","family":"Fan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging and Signal Processing The University of Hong Kong  Pokfulam Hong Kong SAR China"},{"name":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering The University of Hong Kong  Pokfulam Hong Kong SAR China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frank Y.","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging and Signal Processing The University of Hong Kong  Pokfulam Hong Kong SAR China"},{"name":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering The University of Hong Kong  Pokfulam Hong Kong SAR China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew M.","family":"Cheung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging and Signal Processing The University of Hong Kong  Pokfulam Hong Kong SAR China"},{"name":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering The University of Hong Kong  Pokfulam Hong Kong SAR China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abby Y.","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging and Signal Processing The University of Hong Kong  Pokfulam Hong Kong SAR China"},{"name":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering The University of Hong Kong  Pokfulam Hong Kong SAR China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jian","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Imaging Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College Xi'an Jiaotong University  Xi\u2032an China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samantha J.","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging and Signal Processing The University of Hong Kong  Pokfulam Hong Kong SAR China"},{"name":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering The University of Hong Kong  Pokfulam Hong Kong SAR China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pek\u2010Lan","family":"Khong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic Radiology The University of Hong Kong  Pokfulam Hong Kong SAR China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ed X.","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging and Signal Processing The University of Hong Kong  Pokfulam Hong Kong SAR China"},{"name":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering The University of Hong Kong  Pokfulam Hong Kong SAR China"},{"name":"Department of Diagnostic Radiology The University of Hong Kong  Pokfulam Hong Kong SAR China"},{"name":"Department of Medicine The University of Hong Kong  Pokfulam Hong Kong SAR China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(09)70025-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(09)60371-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/WCO.0b013e3283352c01"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.23.3.328"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.30.9.1974b"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","first-page":"660","article-title":"Astrocytic swelling in the ipsilateral substantia nigra after occlusion of the middle cerebral artery in rats","volume":"22","author":"Nakane M","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am. 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