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Damage to these critical organs leads to the high mortality associated with such infections, and invasion across the blood\u2013brain barrier can result in fungal meningoencephalitis. <jats:italic>Candida albicans<\/jats:italic> can penetrate a brain endothelial cell barrier <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> through transcellular migration, but this mechanism has not been confirmed <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>. MRI using the extracellular vascular contrast agent gadolinium diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid demonstrated that integrity of the blood\u2013brain barrier is lost during <jats:italic>C<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>albicans<\/jats:italic> invasion. Intravital two\u2010photon laser scanning microscopy was used to provide the first real\u2010time demonstration of <jats:italic>C<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>albicans<\/jats:italic> colonizing the living brain, where both yeast and filamentous forms of the pathogen were found. Furthermore, we adapted a previously described method utilizing MRI to monitor inflammatory cell recruitment into infected tissues in mice. Macrophages and other phagocytes were visualized in kidney and brain by the administration of ultrasmall iron oxide particles. In addition to obtaining new insights into the passage of <jats:italic>C<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>albicans<\/jats:italic> across the brain microvasculature, these imaging methods provide useful tools to study further the pathogenesis of <jats:italic>C<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>albicans<\/jats:italic> infections, to define the roles of <jats:italic>Candida<\/jats:italic> virulence genes in kidney <jats:italic>versus<\/jats:italic> brain infection and to assess new therapeutic measures for drug development. Published 2013. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/nbm.2926","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,22]],"date-time":"2013-04-22T03:14:54Z","timestamp":1366600494000},"page":"1125-1134","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["MRI confirms loss of blood\u2013brain barrier integrity in a mouse model of disseminated candidiasis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Dhammika H. M. L. 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