{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,30]],"date-time":"2025-12-30T17:58:24Z","timestamp":1767117504614,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,25]],"date-time":"2014-03-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1395705600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["628301"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["628301"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["56992"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["56992"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001111","name":"Cancer Australia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["509322"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["509322"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001111","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["NMR in Biomedicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>This study aimed to evaluate and validate chemical shift imaging (CSI) for <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> glutamate (Glu) quantification in patients with supratentorial gliomas. If validated, CSI could become an extremely useful tool to investigate metabolic dysfunction of Glu in excitotoxic neuropathologies.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Quantitative CSI estimates of Glu concentrations were compared with known concentrations of Glu in aqueous phantom solutions. Forty\u2010one patients with known or likely supratentorial gliomas underwent preoperative CSI. The spectra obtained were analyzed for Glu concentrations and Glu to creatine (Cr) ratios. These <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> measurements were correlated against <jats:italic>ex vivo<\/jats:italic> Glu content quantified by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) measured in 65 resected brain tumor and peritumoral brain specimens.<\/jats:p><jats:p>For the phantom solutions the CSI estimates of Glu concentration and the Glu\/Cr ratios were highly correlated with known Glu concentration (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\u2009=\u20090.95, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.002, and <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\u2009=\u20090.97, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.0001, respectively). There was a modest, but statistically significant, correlation between the <jats:italic>ex vivo<\/jats:italic> measured Glu and <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> spectroscopic Glu concentration (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\u2009=\u20090.22, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.04) and ratios of Glu to Cr (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\u2009=\u20090.30, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.002).<\/jats:p><jats:p>Quantitative measurement of Glu content is feasible in patients with supratentorial gliomas using CSI. The <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> results suggest that this has the potential to be a reliable quantitative imaging assay for brain tumor patients. This may have wide clinical research applications in a number of neurological disorders where Glu excitotoxicity and metabolic dysfunction are known to play a role in pathogenesis, including tumor associated epilepsy, epilepsy, stroke and neurotrauma. Copyright \u00a9 2014 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/nbm.3095","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,25]],"date-time":"2014-03-25T01:39:01Z","timestamp":1395711541000},"page":"570-577","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Glutamate quantification in patients with supratentorial gliomas using chemical shift imaging"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"S. V.","family":"Liubinas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, The Royal Melbourne Hospital The University of Melbourne  Australia"},{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery The Royal Melbourne Hospital  Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"K. 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