{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T13:58:55Z","timestamp":1790690335614,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,9]],"date-time":"2014-09-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1410220800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001677","name":"National Institute of Health and Medical Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NIH R01 HL092055"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NIH R01 HL092055"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001677","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["NMR in Biomedicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Non\u2010invasive imaging techniques are highly desirable as an alternative to conventional biopsy for the characterization of the remodeling of tissues associated with disease progression, including end\u2010stage heart failure. Cardiac diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) has become an established method for the characterization of myocardial microstructure. However, the relationships between diffuse myocardial fibrosis, which is a key biomarker for staging and treatment planning of the failing heart, and measured DTI parameters have yet to be investigated systematically. In this study, DTI was performed on left ventricular specimens collected from patients with chronic end\u2010stage heart failure as a result of idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200914) and from normal donors (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20095). Scalar DTI parameters, including fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean (MD), primary (\n                    <jats:italic>D<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                    ), secondary (\n                    <jats:italic>D<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) and tertiary (\n                    <jats:italic>D<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) diffusivities, were correlated with collagen content measured by digital microscopy. Compared with hearts from normal subjects, the FA in failing hearts decreased by 22%, whereas the MD,\n                    <jats:italic>D<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>D<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    increased by 12%, 14% and 24%, respectively (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.01). No significant change was detected for\n                    <jats:italic>D<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                    between the two groups. Furthermore, significant correlation was observed between the DTI scalar indices and quantitative histological measurements of collagen (i.e. fibrosis). Pearson's correlation coefficients (\n                    <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) between collagen content and FA, MD,\n                    <jats:italic>D<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>D<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    were \u20130.51, 0.59, 0.56 and 0.62 (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.05), respectively. The correlation between\n                    <jats:italic>D<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                    and collagen content was not significant (\n                    <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.46,\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.05). Computational modeling analysis indicated that the behaviors of the DTI parameters as a function of the degree of fibrosis were well explained by compartmental exchange between myocardial and collagenous tissues. Combined, these findings suggest that scalar DTI parameters can be used as metrics for the non\u2010invasive assessment of diffuse fibrosis in failing hearts. Copyright \u00a9 2014 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/nbm.3200","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,9]],"date-time":"2014-09-09T03:59:16Z","timestamp":1410235156000},"page":"1378-1386","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":48,"title":["Characterization of diffuse fibrosis in the failing human heart via diffusion tensor imaging and quantitative histological validation"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Osama M.","family":"Abdullah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioengineering University of Utah  Salt Lake City UT USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stavros G.","family":"Drakos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Medicine Program University of Utah  Salt Lake City UT USA"},{"name":"UTAH Cardiac Transplant Program (University of Utah Hospital, Intermountain Medical Center, Salt Lake Veterans Affairs Medical Center)  Salt Lake City UT USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nikolaos A.","family":"Diakos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Medicine Program University of Utah  Salt Lake City UT USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Omar","family":"Wever\u2010Pinzon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UTAH Cardiac Transplant Program (University of Utah Hospital, Intermountain Medical Center, Salt Lake Veterans Affairs Medical Center)  Salt Lake City UT USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdallah G.","family":"Kfoury","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UTAH Cardiac Transplant Program (University of Utah Hospital, Intermountain Medical Center, Salt Lake Veterans Affairs Medical Center)  Salt Lake City UT USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Josef","family":"Stehlik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UTAH Cardiac Transplant Program (University of Utah Hospital, Intermountain Medical Center, Salt Lake Veterans Affairs Medical Center)  Salt Lake City UT USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Craig H.","family":"Selzman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UTAH Cardiac Transplant Program (University of Utah Hospital, Intermountain Medical Center, Salt Lake Veterans Affairs Medical Center)  Salt Lake City UT USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bruce B.","family":"Reid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UTAH Cardiac Transplant Program (University of Utah Hospital, Intermountain Medical Center, Salt Lake Veterans Affairs Medical Center)  Salt Lake City UT USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kim","family":"Brunisholz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UTAH Cardiac Transplant Program (University of Utah Hospital, Intermountain Medical Center, Salt Lake Veterans Affairs Medical Center)  Salt Lake City UT USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Divya Ratan","family":"Verma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UTAH Cardiac Transplant Program (University of Utah Hospital, Intermountain Medical Center, Salt Lake Veterans Affairs Medical Center)  Salt Lake City UT USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Craig","family":"Myrick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Intermountain Donor Services  Salt Lake City UT USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frank B.","family":"Sachse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioengineering University of Utah  Salt Lake City UT USA"},{"name":"Nora Eccles Harrison Cardiovascular Research and Training Institute University of Utah  Salt Lake City UT USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dean Y.","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Medicine Program University of Utah  Salt Lake City UT USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edward W.","family":"Hsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioengineering University of Utah  Salt Lake City UT USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0b013e3182009701"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehn309"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.104.500546"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0068893"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/eum206"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","unstructured":"BohlS 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