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Although numerous algorithms have been developed to solve this ill\u2010posed inverse problem, the estimation of susceptibility maps with a wide range of values is still problematic. In cases such as large veins, contrast agent uptake and intracranial hemorrhages, extreme susceptibility values in focal areas cause severe streaking artifacts. To enable the reduction of these artifacts, whilst preserving subtle susceptibility contrast, a two\u2010level QSM reconstruction algorithm (streaking artifact reduction for QSM, STAR\u2010QSM) was developed in this study by tuning a regularization parameter to automatically reconstruct both large and small susceptibility values. Compared with current state\u2010of\u2010the\u2010art QSM methods, such as the improved sparse linear equation and least\u2010squares (iLSQR) algorithm, STAR\u2010QSM significantly reduced the streaking artifacts, whilst preserving the sharp boundaries for blood vessels of mouse brains <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> and fine anatomical details of high\u2010resolution mouse brains <jats:italic>ex vivo<\/jats:italic>. Brain image data from patients with cerebral hematoma and multiple sclerosis further illustrated the superiority of this method in reducing streaking artifacts caused by large susceptibility sources, whilst maintaining sharp anatomical details. STAR\u2010QSM is implemented in STI Suite, a comprehensive shareware for susceptibility imaging and quantification. Copyright \u00a9 2015 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/nbm.3383","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,27]],"date-time":"2015-08-27T09:44:40Z","timestamp":1440668680000},"page":"1294-1303","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":274,"title":["Streaking artifact reduction for quantitative susceptibility mapping of sources with large dynamic range"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Hongjiang","family":"Wei","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Brain Imaging and Analysis Center Duke University  Durham NC USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Russell","family":"Dibb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for In Vivo Microscopy Duke University  Durham NC USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine Shanghai Jiaotong University  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yawen","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine Shanghai Jiaotong University  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianrong","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine Shanghai Jiaotong University  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nian","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brain Imaging and Analysis Center Duke University  Durham NC USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chunlei","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brain Imaging and Analysis Center Duke University  Durham NC USA"},{"name":"Department of Radiology, School of Medicine Duke University  Durham NC USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.10362"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.20198"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.20130"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","first-page":"736","article-title":"Magnetic susceptibility\u2010weighted MR phase imaging of the human brain","volume":"26","author":"Rauscher A","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am. 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