{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T01:05:39Z","timestamp":1785287139568,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,26]],"date-time":"2015-11-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1448496000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["NMR in Biomedicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD) is a potentially lethal multi\u2010organ disease affecting both the kidneys and the liver. Unfortunately, there are currently no non\u2010invasive methods to monitor liver disease progression in ARPKD patients, limiting the study of potential therapeutic interventions. Herein, we perform an initial investigation of <jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> relaxation time as a potential imaging biomarker to quantitatively assess the two primary pathologic hallmarks of ARPKD liver disease: biliary dilatation and periportal fibrosis in the PCK rat model of ARPKD. <jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> relaxation time results were obtained for five PCK rats at 3\u2009months of age using a Look\u2013Locker acquisition on a Bruker BioSpec 7.0\u2009T MRI scanner. Six three\u2010month\u2010old Sprague\u2010Dawley (SD) rats were also scanned as controls. All animals were euthanized after the three\u2010month scans for histological and biochemical assessments of bile duct dilatation and hepatic fibrosis for comparison. PCK rats exhibited significantly increased liver <jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> values (mean\u2009\u00b1\u2009standard deviation\u2009=\u2009935\u2009\u00b1\u200939\u2009ms) compared with age\u2010matched SD control rats (847\u2009\u00b1\u200926\u2009ms, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.01). One PCK rat exhibited severe cholangitis (mean <jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\u2009=\u20091413\u2009ms), which occurs periodically in ARPKD patients. The observed increase in the <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> liver <jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> relaxation time correlated significantly with three histological and biochemical indicators of biliary dilatation and fibrosis: bile duct area percent (<jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.85, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.002), periportal fibrosis area percent (<jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.82, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.004), and hydroxyproline content (<jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.76, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.01). These results suggest that hepatic <jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> relaxation time may provide a sensitive and non\u2010invasive imaging biomarker to monitor ARPKD liver disease. Copyright \u00a9 2015 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/nbm.3442","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,26]],"date-time":"2015-11-26T07:50:00Z","timestamp":1448524200000},"page":"84-89","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Initial evaluation of hepatic <i>T<\/i><sub>1<\/sub> relaxation time as an imaging marker of liver disease associated with autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD)"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"29","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1010-591X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ying","family":"Gao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering Case Western Reserve University  Cleveland OH USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bernadette O.","family":"Erokwu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Case Western Reserve University  Cleveland OH 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