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In these studies, particularly the signals of proteins showed a distinct correlation with pathological changes. However, as CEST effects depend on various properties that determine and affect the chemical exchange processes, the origins of the observed signal changes remain to be understood. In this study, protein aggregation was identified as an additional process that is encoded in the CEST signals of proteins. Investigation of distinct proteins that are involved in pathological disorders, namely amyloid beta and huntingtin, revealed a significant decrease of all protein CEST signals upon controlled aggregation. This finding is of particular interest with regard to diagnostic imaging of patients with neurodegenerative diseases that involve amyloidogenesis, such as Alzheimer's or Huntington's disease. To investigate whether the observed CEST signal decrease also occurs in heterogeneous mixtures of aggregated cellular proteins, and thus prospectively in tissue, heat\u2010shocked yeast cell lysates were employed. Additionally, investigation of different cell compartments verified the assignment of the protein CEST signals to the soluble part of the proteome. The results of <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> experiments demonstrate that aggregation affects the CEST signals of proteins. This observation can enable hypotheses for CEST imaging as a non\u2010invasive diagnostic tool for monitoring pathological alterations of the proteome <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/nbm.3665","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,16]],"date-time":"2016-11-16T00:52:59Z","timestamp":1479257579000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["Aggregation\u2010induced changes in the chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) signals of proteins"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Steffen","family":"Goerke","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Medical Physics in Radiology Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum [German Cancer Research Center] (DKFZ)  Im Neuenheimer Feld 280 69120 Heidelberg Baden\u2010W\u00fcrttemberg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katharina S.","family":"Milde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Medical 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