{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]],"date-time":"2026-05-13T12:22:23Z","timestamp":1778674943950,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,26]],"date-time":"2017-10-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1508976000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P41 EB015909"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P41 EB015909"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 MH106564"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 MH106564"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 EB016089"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 EB016089"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["NMR in Biomedicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The primary inhibitory neurotransmitter \u03b3\u2010aminobutyric acid (GABA) and the major antioxidant glutathione (GSH) are compounds of high importance for the function and integrity of the human brain. In this study, a method for simultaneous <jats:italic>J<\/jats:italic>\u2010difference spectral\u2010edited magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) of GSH and GABA with suppression of macromolecular (MM) signals at 3 T is proposed. MM\u2010suppressed Hadamard encoding and reconstruction of MEGA (Mescher\u2013Garwood)\u2010edited spectroscopy (HERMES) consists of four sub\u2010experiments (TE = 80 ms), with 20\u2010ms editing pulses applied at: (A) 4.56 and 1.9 ppm; (B) 4.56 and 1.5 ppm; (C) 1.9 ppm; and (D) 1.5 ppm. One Hadamard combination (A + B \u2013 C \u2013 D) yields GSH\u2010edited spectra, and another (A \u2013 B + C \u2013 D) yields GABA\u2010edited spectra, with symmetric suppression of the co\u2010edited MM signal. MM\u2010suppressed HERMES, conventional HERMES and separate Mescher\u2013Garwood point\u2010resolved spectroscopy (MEGA\u2010PRESS) data were successfully acquired from a (33 mm)<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup> voxel in the parietal lobe in 10 healthy subjects. GSH\u2010 and GABA\u2010edited MM\u2010suppressed HERMES spectra were in close agreement with the respective MEGA\u2010PRESS spectra. Mean GABA (and GSH) estimates were 1.10 \u00b1 0.15 i.u. (0.59 \u00b1 0.12 i.u.) for MM\u2010suppressed HERMES, and 1.13 \u00b1 0.09 i.u. (0.66 \u00b1 0.09 i.u.) for MEGA\u2010PRESS. Mean GABA (and GSH) differences between MM\u2010suppressed HERMES and MEGA\u2010PRESS were \u20130.03 \u00b1 0.11 i.u. (\u20130.07 \u00b1 0.11 i.u.). The mean signal\u2010to\u2010noise ratio (SNR) improvement of MM\u2010suppressed HERMES over MEGA\u2010PRESS was 1.45 \u00b1 0.25 for GABA and 1.32 \u00b1 0.24 for GSH. These results indicate that symmetric suppression of the MM signal can be accommodated into the Hadamard editing framework. Compared with sequential single\u2010metabolite MEGA\u2010PRESS experiments, MM\u2010suppressed HERMES allows for simultaneous edited measurements of GSH and GABA without MM contamination in only half the scan time, and SNR is maintained.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/nbm.3844","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,26]],"date-time":"2017-10-26T19:26:36Z","timestamp":1509045996000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Hadamard editing of glutathione and macromolecule\u2010suppressed GABA"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3083-9811","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Georg","family":"Oeltzschner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine  Baltimore MD USA"},{"name":"F. M. 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