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Simple measurements of liver fat content are not strong predictors of clinical outcome, but biomarkers related to fatty acid composition (ie, saturated vs. unsaturated fat) may be more effective. MR spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) methods allow spatially resolved, whole\u2010liver measurements of chemical composition but are traditionally limited by slow acquisition times. In this work we present an accelerated MRSI acquisition based on spin echo single point imaging (SE\u2010SPI), which, using appropriate sampling and compressed sensing reconstruction, allows free\u2010breathing acquisition in a mouse model of fatty liver disease. After validating the technique's performance in oil\/water phantoms, we imaged mice that had received a normal diet or a methionine and choline deficient (MCD) diet, some of which also received supplemental injections of iron to mimic hepatic iron overload. SE\u2010SPI was more resistant to the line\u2010broadening effects of iron than single\u2010voxel spectroscopy measurements, and was consistently able to measure the amplitudes of low\u2010intensity spectral peaks that are important to characterizing fatty acid composition. In particular, in the mice receiving the MCD diet, SE\u2010SPI showed a significant decrease in a metric associated with unsaturated fat, which is consistent with the literature. This or other related metrics may therefore offer more a specific biomarker of liver health than fat content alone. This preclinical study is an important precursor to clinical testing of the proposed method.<\/jats:p><jats:p>MR\u2010based quantification of fatty acid composition may allow for improved characterization of non\u2010alcoholic fatty liver disease. A spectroscopic imaging method with appropriate sampling strategy allows whole\u2010liver mapping of fat composition metrics in a free\u2010breathing mouse model. Changes in metrics like the surrogate unsaturation index (UIs) are visible in mice receiving a diet which induces fat accumulation in the liver, as compared to a normal diet; such metrics may prove useful in future clinical studies of liver disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/nbm.4241","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,3]],"date-time":"2020-01-03T04:10:56Z","timestamp":1578024656000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Mapping of fatty acid composition with free\u2010breathing MR spectroscopic imaging and compressed sensing"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"34","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2432-9842","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"James A.","family":"Rioux","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Translational Imaging Centre  Halifax Nova Scotia Canada"},{"name":"Department of Diagnostic Radiology Dalhousie University  Halifax Nova Scotia 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