{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,21]],"date-time":"2025-10-21T00:39:06Z","timestamp":1761007146665,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,8]],"date-time":"2021-03-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1615161600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000025","name":"National Institute of Mental Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ZIA MH002803","ZIC MH002894"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZIA MH002803","ZIC MH002894"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000025","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["NMR in Biomedicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Carbonic anhydrase (CA) plays an important role in many biological processes. Recent technological advances have demonstrated the feasibility of measuring CA activity in the occipital lobe of human subjects in vivo. In this work we report, for the first time, in vivo measurement of CA activity in the frontal lobe of human brain, where structural and function abnormalities are strongly associated with symptoms of major psychiatric disorders. Despite the much larger magnetic field distortion in the frontal lobe, the pseudo first\u2010order bicarbonate dehydration rate constant was determined with high precision using in vivo <jats:sup>13<\/jats:sup>C magnetic resonance magnetization transfer spectroscopy following oral administration of [U\u2010<jats:sup>13<\/jats:sup>C<jats:sub>6<\/jats:sub>]glucose. Nuclear Overhauser effect pulses were used to increase the signal\u2010to\u2010noise ratio; no proton decoupling was applied. The unidirectional dehydration rate constant of bicarbonate was found to be 0.26\u2009\u00b1\u20090.07\u2009s<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>, which is not statistically different from the dehydration rate constant in the occipital lobe determined in our previous study, indicating that CA activity in the two brain regions is essentially indistinguishable. These results demonstrate the feasibility of characterizing CA activity in the frontal lobe for future psychiatric studies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/nbm.4501","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,8]],"date-time":"2021-03-08T06:38:20Z","timestamp":1615185500000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Carbonic anhydrase activity in the frontal lobe of human brain"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"34","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7086-6753","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shizhe","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Mental Health National Institutes of Health  Bethesda Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"An","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Mental Health National Institutes of Health  Bethesda Maryland 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