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While promising, the understanding of NK cell persistence, particularly within a harsh tumor microenvironment, is limited. Fluorine\u201019 (<jats:sup>19<\/jats:sup>F) MRI is a noninvasive imaging modality that has shown promise in longitudinally tracking cell populations in vivo; however, it has not been studied on murine NK cells. In this study, the impact of <jats:sup>19<\/jats:sup>F labeling on murine NK cell viability and function was assessed in vitro and then used to quantify NK cell persistence in vivo. While there was no noticeable impact on viability, labeling NK cells with <jats:sup>19<\/jats:sup>F did attenuate cytotoxicity against lymphoma cells in vitro. Fluorescent microscopy verified <jats:sup>19<\/jats:sup>F labeling in both the cytoplasm and nucleus of NK cells. Lymphoma\u2010bearing mice were given intratumoral injections of <jats:sup>19<\/jats:sup>F\u2010labeled NK cells in which signal was detectable across the 6\u2009day observation period via <jats:sup>19<\/jats:sup>F MRI. Quantification from the composite images detected 78\u201094% of the initially injected NK cells across 6\u2009days, with a significant decrease between Days 3 and 6. Postmortem flow cytometry demonstrated retention of <jats:sup>19<\/jats:sup>F intracellularly within adoptively transferred NK cells with less than 1% of <jats:sup>19<\/jats:sup>F\u2010containing cells identified as tumor\u2010associated macrophages that presumably ingested nonviable NK cells. This work demonstrates that <jats:sup>19<\/jats:sup>F MRI offers a specific imaging platform to track and quantify murine NK cells within tumors noninvasively.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/nbm.4600","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,18]],"date-time":"2021-08-18T22:53:25Z","timestamp":1629327205000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Detection and viability of murine NK cells in vivo in a lymphoma model using fluorine\u201019 MRI"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"34","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7060-6126","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lawrence M.","family":"Lechuga","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Physics University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health  Madison Wisconsin USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew 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