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Vetenskaps- och Vitterhets-Samh\u00e4llet i G\u00f6teborg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009479","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100014552","name":"Adlerbertska Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100014552","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010223","name":"Stiftelsen Jubileumsklinikens Forskningsfond mot Cancer","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2020:316"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020:316"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010223","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004359","name":"Vetenskapsr\u00e5det","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004359","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002794","name":"Cancerfonden","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CAN 2018\/628"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CAN 2018\/628"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002794","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["NMR in Biomedicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Noninvasive methods to study changes in tumor microstructure enable early assessment of treatment response and thus facilitate personalized treatment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the diffusion MRI model, Vascular, Extracellular and Restricted Diffusion for Cytometry in Tumors (VERDICT), for early response assessment to external radiation treatment and to compare the results with those of more studied sets of parameters derived from diffusion\u2010weighted MRI data. Mice xenografted with human small intestine tumors were treated with external radiation treatment, and diffusion MRI experiments were performed on the day before and up to 2 weeks after treatment. The diffusion models VERDICT, ADC, IVIM, and DKI were fitted to MRI data, and the treatment response of each tumor was calculated based on pretreatment tumor growth and post\u2010treatment tumor volume regression. Linear regression and correlation analysis were used to evaluate each model and their respective parameters for explaining the treatment response. VERDICT analysis showed significant changes from day \u22121 to day 3 for the intracellular and extracellular volume fraction, as well as the cell radius index (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05; Wilcoxon signed\u2010rank test). The strongest correlation between the diffusion model parameters and the tumor treatment response was seen for the <jats:italic>ADC<\/jats:italic>, kurtosis\u2010corrected diffusion coefficient, and intracellular volume fraction on day 3 (\u03c4\u2009=\u00a00.47, 0.52, and \u22120.49, respectively, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05; Kendall rank correlation coefficient). Of all the tested models, VERDICT held the strongest explanatory value for the tumor treatment response on day 3 (R<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\u00a0=\u00a00.75, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.01; linear regression). In conclusion, VERDICT has potential for early assessment of external radiation treatment and may provide further insights into the underlying biological effects of radiation on tumor tissue. In addition, the results suggest that the time window for assessment of treatment response using dMRI may be narrow.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/nbm.4680","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,27]],"date-time":"2021-12-27T04:30:43Z","timestamp":1640579443000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["VERDICT MRI for radiation treatment response assessment in neuroendocrine tumors"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"35","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4891-5907","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lukas","family":"Lundholm","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Radiation Sciences, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg  Gothenburg Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mikael","family":"Montelius","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Radiation 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