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We present a self\u2010gated, dynamic contrast\u2010enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE\u2010MRI) acquisition with compressed sensing reconstruction and apply it to assess longitudinal changes in endothelial permeability in the aortic root of Apoe<jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup> atherosclerotic mice during natural disease progression. Twenty\u2010four, 8\u2010week\u2010old, female Apoe<jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup> mice were divided into four groups (n\u2009=\u20096 each) and imaged with self\u2010gated DCE\u2010MRI at 4, 8, 12, and 16\u2009weeks after high\u2010fat\u00a0diet initiation, and then euthanized for CD68 immunohistochemistry for macrophages. Eight additional mice were kept on a high\u2010fat diet and imaged longitudinally at the same time points. Aortic\u2010root pseudo\u2010concentration curves were analyzed using a validated piecewise linear model. Contrast agent wash\u2010in and washout slopes (<jats:italic>b<\/jats:italic><jats:sub><jats:italic>1<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sub> and <jats:italic>b<\/jats:italic><jats:sub><jats:italic>2<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sub>) were measured as surrogates of aortic root endothelial permeability and compared with macrophage density by immunohistochemistry. <jats:italic>b<\/jats:italic><jats:sub><jats:italic>2<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sub>, indicating contrast agent washout, was significantly higher in mice kept on an high\u2010fat diet for longer periods of time (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u20090.03). Group comparison revealed significant differences between mice on a high\u2010fat diet for 4 versus 16\u2009weeks (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u20090.03). Macrophage density also significantly increased with diet duration (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u20090.009). Spearman correlation between <jats:italic>b<\/jats:italic><jats:sub><jats:italic>2<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sub> from DCE\u2010MRI and macrophage density indicated a weak relationship between the two parameters (r\u2009=\u20090.28, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u20090.20). Validated piecewise linear modeling of the DCE\u2010MRI data showed that the aortic root contrast agent washout rate is significantly different during disease progression. Further development of this technique from a single\u2010slice to a 3D acquisition may enable better investigation of the relationship between in vivo imaging of endothelial permeability and atherosclerotic plaques' genetic, molecular, and cellular makeup in this important model of disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/nbm.4823","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,28]],"date-time":"2022-08-28T23:25:05Z","timestamp":1661729105000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Self\u2010gated, dynamic contrast\u2010enhanced magnetic resonance imaging with compressed\u2010sensing reconstruction for evaluating endothelial permeability in the aortic root of atherosclerotic mice"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"36","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4325-8728","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Claudia","family":"Calcagno","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Institute Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai  New York USA"},{"name":"Department of Diagnostic, Molecular and Interventional Radiology Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai  New York USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John A.","family":"David","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences University of Amsterdam  Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abdallah G.","family":"Motaal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Siemens Healthineers, Cardiovascular Care Group, Advanced Therapies Business  Erlangen Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bram F.","family":"Coolen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences University of Amsterdam  Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thijs","family":"Beldman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Radboud University Medical Center  Nijmegen The Netherlands"},{"name":"Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences Radboud University Medical Center  Nijmegen The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alexandra","family":"Corbin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Institute Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai  New York USA"},{"name":"Department of Diagnostic, Molecular and Interventional Radiology Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai  New York USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Arnav","family":"Kak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center  Dallas TX USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sarayu","family":"Ramachandran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Institute Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai  New York USA"},{"name":"Department of Diagnostic, Molecular and Interventional Radiology Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai  New York USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alison","family":"Pruzan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Institute Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai  New York USA"},{"name":"Department of Diagnostic, Molecular and Interventional Radiology Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai  New York USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Arthi","family":"Sridhar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology\/Oncology UTHealth McGovern Medical School  Houston TX USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Raphael","family":"Soler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CNRS, CRMBM  Marseille France"},{"name":"Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery H\u00f4pital Universitaire de la Timone, APHM  Marseille France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christopher M.","family":"Faries","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Institute Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai  New York USA"},{"name":"Department of Diagnostic, Molecular and Interventional Radiology Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai  New York USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zahi A.","family":"Fayad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Institute Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai  New York USA"},{"name":"Department of Diagnostic, Molecular and Interventional Radiology Icahn School 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