{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,22]],"date-time":"2026-06-22T13:46:04Z","timestamp":1782135964759,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,15]],"date-time":"2023-10-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1697328000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100019266","name":"Korea Medical Device Development Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RS\u20102020\u2010KD000062"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS\u20102020\u2010KD000062"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100019266","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NRF\u20102020R1A2C2008949"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NRF\u20102020R1A2C2008949"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RS\u20102023\u201000207783"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS\u20102023\u201000207783"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["NMR in Biomedicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major public health concern worldwide, with a high incidence and a significant impact on morbidity and mortality. The alteration of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) dynamics after TBI is a well\u2010known phenomenon; however, the underlying mechanisms and their implications for cognitive function are not fully understood. In this study, we propose a new approach to studying the alteration of CSF dynamics in TBI patients. Our approach involves using conventional echo\u2010planar imaging\u2010based functional MRI with no additional scan, allowing for simultaneous assessment of functional CSF dynamics and blood oxygen level\u2010dependent\u2013based functional brain activities. We utilized two previously suggested indices of (i) CSFpulse, and (ii) correlation between global brain activity and CSF inflow. Using CSFpulse, we demonstrated a significant decrease in CSF pulsation following TBI (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u20090.05), which was consistent with previous studies. Furthermore, we confirmed that the decrease in CSF pulsation was most prominent in the early months after TBI, which could be explained by ependymal ciliary loss, intracranial pressure increment, or aquaporin\u20104 dysregulation. We also observed a decreasing trend in the correlation between global brain activity and CSF inflow in TBI patients (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u20090.05). Our findings suggest that the decreased CSF pulsation after TBI could lead to the accumulation of toxic substances in the brain and an adverse effect on brain function. Further longitudinal studies with larger sample sizes, TBI biomarker data, and various demographic information are needed to investigate the association between cognitive decline and CSF dynamics after TBI. Overall, this study sheds light on the potential role of altered CSF dynamics in TBI\u2010induced neurologic symptoms and may contribute to the development of novel therapeutic interventions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/nbm.5061","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,15]],"date-time":"2023-10-15T21:20:07Z","timestamp":1697404807000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Measurement of changes in cerebrospinal fluid pulsation after traumatic brain injury using echo\u2010planar imaging\u2010based functional MRI"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Jun\u2010Hee","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bio and Brain Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)  Daejeon South 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