{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,20]],"date-time":"2025-10-20T10:23:15Z","timestamp":1760955795813,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":76,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,31]],"date-time":"2024-03-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1711843200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000631","name":"Horizon Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000631","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100014690","name":"Ministerium f\u00fcr Kultur und Wissenschaft des Landes Nordrhein-Westfalen","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100014690","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003107","name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Gesundheit","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003107","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002347","name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Bildung und Forschung","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002347","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100011199","name":"FP7 Ideas: European Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100011199","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100021371","name":"Schmutzler Stiftung","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100021371","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000781","name":"European Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000781","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["NMR in Biomedicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Maternal obesity and hyperglycemia are linked to an elevated risk for obesity, diabetes, and steatotic liver disease in the adult offspring. To establish and validate a noninvasive workflow for perinatal metabolic phenotyping, fixed neonates of common mouse strains were analyzed postmortem via magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)\/magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) to assess liver volume and hepatic lipid (HL) content. The key advantage of nondestructive MRI\/MRS analysis is the possibility of further tissue analyses, such as immunohistochemistry, RNA extraction, and even proteomics, maximizing the data that can be gained per individual and therefore facilitating comprehensive correlation analyses. This study employed an MRI and <jats:sup>1<\/jats:sup>H\u2010MRS workflow to measure liver volume and HL content in 65 paraformaldehyde\u2010fixed murine neonates at 11.7\u2009T. Liver volume was obtained using semiautomatic segmentation of MRI acquired by a RARE sequence with 0.5\u2010mm slice thickness. HL content was measured by a STEAM sequence, applied with and without water suppression. T<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> and T<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> relaxation times of lipids and water were measured for respective correction of signal intensity. The HL content, given as CH<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\/(CH<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\u00a0+\u2009H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>O), was calculated, and the intrasession repeatability of the method was tested. The established workflow yielded robust results with a variation of ~3% in repeated measurements for HL content determination. HL content measurements were further validated by correlation analysis with biochemically assessed triglyceride contents (<jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\u00a0=\u20090.795) that were measured in littermates. In addition, image quality also allowed quantification of subcutaneous adipose tissue and stomach diameter. The highest HL content was measured in C57Bl\/6N (4.2%) and the largest liver volume and stomach diameter in CBA (53.1\u2009mm<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup> and 6.73\u2009mm) and NMRI (51.4\u2009mm<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup> and 5.96\u2009mm) neonates, which also had the most subcutaneous adipose tissue. The observed effects were independent of sex and litter size. In conclusion, we have successfully tested and validated a robust MRI\/MRS workflow that allows assessment of morphology and HL content and further enables paraformaldehyde\u2010fixed tissue\u2010compatible subsequent analyses in murine neonates.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/nbm.5140","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,1]],"date-time":"2024-04-01T00:35:54Z","timestamp":1711931754000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Post mortem analysis of hepatic volume and lipid content by magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy in fixed murine neonates"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"37","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-3875-3382","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marc","family":"Jonuscheit","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Clinical Diabetology German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Institute for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University D\u00fcsseldorf  D\u00fcsseldorf Germany"},{"name":"German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.)  M\u00fcnchen\u2010Neuherberg Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8772-1799","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Celina","family":"Uhlemeyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.)  M\u00fcnchen\u2010Neuherberg Germany"},{"name":"Institute for Vascular and Islet Cell Biology, German Diabetes Center Leibniz Institute for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University D\u00fcsseldorf  D\u00fcsseldorf Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Benedict","family":"Korzekwa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Clinical Diabetology German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Institute for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University D\u00fcsseldorf  D\u00fcsseldorf Germany"},{"name":"German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.)  M\u00fcnchen\u2010Neuherberg Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marten","family":"Schouwink","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Children's Hospital Heinrich Heine University D\u00fcsseldorf  D\u00fcsseldorf Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Soner","family":"\u00d6ner\u2010Sieben","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Child Nutrition, Max Rubner\u2010Institut Federal Research Institute of Nutrition and Food  Karlsruhe Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Regina","family":"Ensenauer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Child Nutrition, Max Rubner\u2010Institut Federal Research Institute of Nutrition and Food  Karlsruhe Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Roden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Clinical Diabetology German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Institute for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University D\u00fcsseldorf  D\u00fcsseldorf Germany"},{"name":"German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.)  M\u00fcnchen\u2010Neuherberg Germany"},{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital D\u00fcsseldorf Heinrich Heine University D\u00fcsseldorf  D\u00fcsseldorf Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bengt\u2010Frederik","family":"Belgardt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.)  M\u00fcnchen\u2010Neuherberg Germany"},{"name":"Institute for Vascular and Islet Cell Biology, German Diabetes Center Leibniz Institute for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University D\u00fcsseldorf  D\u00fcsseldorf Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vera B.","family":"Schrauwen\u2010Hinderling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Clinical Diabetology German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Institute for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University D\u00fcsseldorf  D\u00fcsseldorf Germany"},{"name":"German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.)  M\u00fcnchen\u2010Neuherberg Germany"},{"name":"Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Maastricht University Medical Center  Maastricht The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41372\u2010022\u201001549\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1216959110"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2020.101122"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41575\u2010021\u201000448\u2010y"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s\u20100042\u20101755316"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/14767059609025434"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470\u20100328(03)02533\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586\u2010018\u20100522\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI32661"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00261.2011"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.51.10.3025"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.10100708"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2003.036566"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933\u2010021\u201001237\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1194\/jlr.D016691"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1194\/jlr.D033399"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nbm.3345"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10334\u2010012\u20100310\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemphyslip.2018.01.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4172\/2167\u20100889.1000234"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s42003\u2010020\u201001513\u2010z"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125\u2010019\u201005037\u2010y"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598\u2010019\u201052583\u2010x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2013.11.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2014.01.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00049.2014"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI134412"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2015.01.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.3000411"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1534\/genetics.113.160259"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.10084"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.1910120111"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.1910120110"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.1910120109"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.1910120112"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/42.75611"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nbm.4422"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.1910090110"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/0031\u20109155\/30\/4\/008"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1522-2594(199904)41:4<649::AID-MRM2>3.0.CO;2-G"},{"volume-title":"In Vivo NMR Spectroscopy: Principles and Techniques","year":"2013","author":"Graaf RA","key":"e_1_2_8_42_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nbm.4347"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nbm.4484"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/0957\u20100233\/20\/10\/104035"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0010\u20104825(01)00006\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1099-1492(199802)11:1<32::AID-NBM501>3.0.CO;2-#"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/jmre.1997.1244"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.22580"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nbm.1622"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1194\/jlr.D800010\u2010JLR200"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1194\/jlr.D700024\u2010JLR200"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2022.101650"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2023\/5592455"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.51.5.1367"},{"volume-title":"Methods of dealing with values below the limit of detection using SAS","year":"2003","author":"Croghan CW","key":"e_1_2_8_56_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PAI.0000000000000772"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41587\u2010020\u20100472\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.talanta.2023.125106"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15252\/embj.2023113898"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41525\u2010021\u201000279\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2023.101770"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467\u2010023\u201038831\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0271678X17750324"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physiolgenomics.00091.2010"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2017.06.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nbm.4932"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v27.i47.8156"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2013.11.1079"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1194\/jlr.D400001\u2010JLR200"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_71_1","unstructured":"BottomleyPA inventor.Selective volume method for performing localized NMR spectroscopy. US4480228A."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acra.2014.06.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0284185115580488"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10334\u2010013\u20100414\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.21809"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.28471"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2017.02.021"}],"container-title":["NMR in Biomedicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/nbm.5140","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,20]],"date-time":"2025-10-20T09:27:03Z","timestamp":1760952423000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/nbm.5140"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,31]]},"references-count":76,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/nbm.5140"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/nbm.5140","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0952-3480","1099-1492"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0952-3480"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1099-1492"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,31]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-12-20","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-02-14","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-03-31","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e5140"}}