{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,3]],"date-time":"2025-12-03T18:11:27Z","timestamp":1764785487440,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,3]],"date-time":"2024-09-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1725321600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R00 HL125756\u201003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R00 HL125756\u201003"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["NMR in Biomedicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The detection of a secondary inorganic phosphate (Pi) resonance, a possible marker of mitochondrial content in vivo, using phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy (<jats:sup>31<\/jats:sup>P\u2010MRS), poses technical challenges at 3\u00a0Tesla (T). Overcoming these challenges is imperative for the integration of this biomarker into clinical research. To evaluate the repeatability and reliability of measuring resting skeletal muscle alkaline Pi (Pi<jats:sub>alk<\/jats:sub>) using with <jats:sup>31<\/jats:sup>P\u2010MRS at 3\u2009T. After an initial set of experiments on five subjects to optimize the sequence, resting <jats:sup>31<\/jats:sup>P\u2010MRS of the quadriceps muscles were acquired on two visits (~4\u00a0days apart) using an intra\u2010subjects design, from 13 sedentary to moderately active young male and female adults (22\u2009\u00b1\u20093\u00a0years old) within a whole\u2010body 3\u00a0T MR system. Measurement variability attributed to changes in coil position, shimming procedure, and spectral analysis were quantified. <jats:sup>31<\/jats:sup>P\u2010MRS data were acquired with a <jats:sup>31<\/jats:sup>P\/\u2010proton (<jats:sup>1<\/jats:sup>H) dual\u2010tuned surface coil positioned on the quadriceps using a pulse\u2010acquire sequence. Test\u2013retest absolute and relative repeatability was analyzed using the coefficient of variation (CV) and intra\u2010class correlation coefficients (ICC), respectively. After sequence parameter optimization, Pi<jats:sub>alk<\/jats:sub> demonstrated high intra\u2010subject repeatability (CV: 10.6\u2009\u00b1\u20095.4%, ICC: 0.80). Proximo\u2010distal change in coil position along the length of the quadriceps introduced Pi<jats:sub>alk<\/jats:sub> quantitation variability (CV: 28\u2009\u00b1\u20095%), due to magnetic field inhomogeneity with more distal coil locations. In contrast, Pi<jats:sub>alk<\/jats:sub> measurement variability due to repeated shims from the same muscle volume (0.40\u2009\u00b1\u20090.09mM; CV: 6.6%), and automated spectral processing (0.37\u2009\u00b1\u20090.01mM; CV: 2.3%), was minor. The quantification of Pi<jats:sub>alk<\/jats:sub> in skeletal muscle via surface coil 31P\u2010MRS at 3\u00a0T demonstrated excellent reproducibility. However, caution is advised against placing the coil at the distal part of the quadriceps to mitigate shimming inhomogeneity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/nbm.5255","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,3]],"date-time":"2024-09-03T06:06:03Z","timestamp":1725343563000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Repeatability of alkaline inorganic phosphate quantification in the skeletal muscle using <sup>31<\/sup>P\u2010magnetic resonance spectroscopy at 3\u00a0T"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Alexs A.","family":"Matias","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Kinesiology University of Massachusetts at Amherst  Amherst MA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Corinna F.","family":"Serviente","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Kinesiology University of Massachusetts at Amherst  Amherst MA 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