{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,21]],"date-time":"2025-10-21T00:39:44Z","timestamp":1761007184012,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2001,5,11]],"date-time":"2001-05-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":989539200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":10,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["NMR in Biomedicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The development of tools to follow and quantitate the fate of galactose in mammalian cells is crucial to the study and understanding of the inherited disorders of galactose metabolism. In this study we incubated normal human lymphoblasts with 1\u2010 or 2\u2010<jats:sup>13<\/jats:sup>C galactose for 2.5 or 5\u2005h and prepared TCA extracts of the cells. The various galactose metabolites were identified and quantified using a combination of proton, carbon and phosphorus NMR spectra. Galactose\u20101\u2010phosphate (gal\u20101P), uridine diphosphogalactose, uridine diphosphoglucose and galactitol were present in the extracts. Average levels for gal\u20101P were around 10 nmol\/mg protein and for uridine diphosphoglucose, uridine diphosphogalactose and galactitol in the range of 0.5\u20132 nmol\/mg protein. Galactonate was never found in any conditions. Percentage labeling could be estimated for gal\u20101P and for the ribose carbons of AMP. The labeling agrees with a conversion of galactose to glucose through the Leloir pathway. Copyright \u00a9 2001 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:def-list>\n<jats:title><jats:bold>Abbreviations used<\/jats:bold>:<\/jats:title>\n<jats:def-item>\n<jats:term>Asp<\/jats:term>\n<jats:def>\n\n<jats:p>aspartate<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:def>\n<\/jats:def-item>\n<jats:def-item>\n<jats:term>CPD<\/jats:term>\n<jats:def>\n\n<jats:p>composite pulse decoupling<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:def>\n<\/jats:def-item>\n<jats:def-item>\n<jats:term>gal\u20101P<\/jats:term>\n<jats:def>\n\n<jats:p>galactose\u20101\u2010phosphate<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:def>\n<\/jats:def-item>\n<jats:def-item>\n<jats:term>GALT<\/jats:term>\n<jats:def>\n\n<jats:p>galactose 1\u2010phosphate uridylyl transferase<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:def>\n<\/jats:def-item>\n<jats:def-item>\n<jats:term>GB<\/jats:term>\n<jats:def>\n\n<jats:p>gaussian factor<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:def>\n<\/jats:def-item>\n<jats:def-item>\n<jats:term>Glu<\/jats:term>\n<jats:def>\n\n<jats:p>glutamate<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:def>\n<\/jats:def-item>\n<jats:def-item>\n<jats:term>LB<\/jats:term>\n<jats:def>\n\n<jats:p>line broadening<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:def>\n<\/jats:def-item>\n<jats:def-item>\n<jats:term>NOE<\/jats:term>\n<jats:def>\n\n<jats:p>nuclear Overhauser effect<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:def>\n<\/jats:def-item>\n<jats:def-item>\n<jats:term>PPP<\/jats:term>\n<jats:def>\n\n<jats:p>pentose phosphate pathway<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:def>\n<\/jats:def-item>\n<jats:def-item>\n<jats:term>TCA<\/jats:term>\n<jats:def>\n\n<jats:p>trichloroacetic acid<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:def>\n<\/jats:def-item>\n<jats:def-item>\n<jats:term>TSP<\/jats:term>\n<jats:def>\n\n<jats:p>trimethylsilylpropionic acid<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:def>\n<\/jats:def-item>\n<jats:def-item>\n<jats:term>UDPgal<\/jats:term>\n<jats:def>\n\n<jats:p>uridine diphosphogalactose<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:def>\n<\/jats:def-item>\n<jats:def-item>\n<jats:term>UDPglu<\/jats:term>\n<jats:def>\n\n<jats:p>uridine diphosphoglucose.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:def>\n<\/jats:def-item>\n<\/jats:def-list><\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/nbm.694","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,8,25]],"date-time":"2002-08-25T18:08:54Z","timestamp":1030298934000},"page":"192-198","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Galactose metabolism in normal human lymphoblasts studied by <sup>1<\/sup>H, <sup>13<\/sup>C and <sup>31<\/sup>P NMR spectroscopy of extracts"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Suzanne L.","family":"Wehrli,","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Reynolds,","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Chen,","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Claire","family":"Yager","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stanton","family":"Segal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2001,5,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.bb.19.060190.000355"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-2697(90)90210-Z"},{"volume-title":"Carbon\u201013 NMR Spectroscopy of Biological Systems","year":"1995","author":"Beckman N","key":"e_1_2_1_4_2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.89.3.1109"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.1910250121"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1948033"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_2","unstructured":"Y Tsukada T Kanamatsu K Oshio M Umeda Y Ishihara H Watanabe K Okamoto"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.96.14.8235"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.1910230215"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_2","first-page":"S105","article-title":"13C and 31P NMR studies of the pentose phosphate pathway in human erythrocytes","volume":"49","author":"Kuchel PW","year":"1990","journal-title":"Biomed. Biochim. Acta"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1432-1033.1993.tb18265.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0020-711X(93)90482-T"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-4159.1996.67062566.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_2","first-page":"631","article-title":"Analysis of carbon metabolism in cultured cerebellar and cortical astrocytes","volume":"43","author":"Martin M","year":"1997","journal-title":"Cell. Mol. Biol."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1098-1136(199807)23:3<271::AID-GLIA9>3.0.CO;2-7"},{"volume-title":"Disorders of Galactose Metabolism","year":"1995","author":"Segal S","key":"e_1_2_1_17_2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.153.3735.549"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02388202"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-2697(91)90246-P"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)52451-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_2","first-page":"105","article-title":"31P NMR analysis of red blood cell UDPGlucose and UDPGalactose: comparison with HPLC and enzymatic methods","volume":"202","author":"Wehrli SL","year":"1992","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1203\/00006450-200008000-00015"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-291X(90)90343-L"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0925-4439(93)90139-R"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.75.8.3742"},{"journal-title":"J. Inherited Metab. Dis.","article-title":"Oxidation of 14C galactose by galactose\u20101\u2010phosphate uridyltransferase deficient lymphoblasts","author":"Yager C","key":"e_1_2_1_27_2"}],"container-title":["NMR in Biomedicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fnbm.694","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/nbm.694","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,20]],"date-time":"2025-10-20T11:46:48Z","timestamp":1760960808000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/nbm.694"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2001,5]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/nbm.694"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/nbm.694","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0952-3480","1099-1492"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0952-3480"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1099-1492"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2001,5]]}}}