{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,22]],"date-time":"2026-08-22T18:56:23Z","timestamp":1787424983022,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,17]],"date-time":"2025-02-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1739750400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["497320374"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["497320374"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["500888779"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["500888779"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["NMR in Biomedicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p>Combined <jats:sup>23<\/jats:sup>Na\/<jats:sup>39<\/jats:sup>K MRI at 7\u2009T can highlight ion disturbances in skeletal muscle tissue. In this work, we investigated if the apparent tissue potassium concentration (aTPC) can be determined in fatty replaced muscles of patients with facio\u2010scapulo\u2010humeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD) and if it can provide additional information to the fat replacement and the apparent tissue sodium concentration (aTSC). The lower leg of 14 patients (six females, eight males; mean age 47.7\u2009\u00b1\u200914.0\u2009years) with genetically confirmed FSHD and 11 healthy controls (four females, seven males; mean age 47.0\u2009\u00b1\u200914.0\u2009years) was examined at a 7\u2010T MR system using a dual\u2010tuned <jats:sup>23<\/jats:sup>Na\/<jats:sup>39<\/jats:sup>K birdcage RF coil. In addition, qualitative and quantitative <jats:sup>1<\/jats:sup>H MR measurements were performed at 7\u2009T to assess the fat replacement and water accumulation. The aTPC and aTSC were determined in seven different muscle regions based on five external references phantoms and corrected for partial volume effects, relaxation biases, and reduced ion concentrations in fat. Results are expressed as median (interquartile range). The measured aTPC was strongly reduced in fat\u2010replaced muscles and was close to zero in totally fat replaced muscles (aTPC\u2009=\u20094.3\u2009mM [2.7\u2009mM] for FF\u2009&gt;\u200980%). After correction of aTPC values for reduced potassium concentration in fat, aTPC<jats:sub>fc<\/jats:sub> values of patients in muscles with low or moderate fat fraction (FF\u2009&lt;\u200930%) were similar to values of healthy subjects (patients: aTPC<jats:sub>fc<\/jats:sub>\u2009=\u200985.6\u2009mM [21.7\u2009mM]; controls: aTPC<jats:sub>fc<\/jats:sub>\u2009=\u200983.2\u2009mM [22.3\u2009mM]). However, muscles with FF\u2009&gt;\u200930% showed reduced aTPC<jats:sub>fc<\/jats:sub> and increased aTSC<jats:sub>fc<\/jats:sub> compared with healthy controls (aTPC<jats:sub>fc<\/jats:sub>\u2009=\u200928.9\u2009mM [46.2\u2009mM], aTSC<jats:sub>fc<\/jats:sub>\u2009=\u200942.3\u2009mM [17.6\u2009mM]; controls: aTSC<jats:sub>fc<\/jats:sub>\u2009=\u200915.0\u2009mM [4.6\u2009mM], aTPC<jats:sub>fc<\/jats:sub>\u2009=\u200983.2\u2009mM [22.3\u2009mM]). No correlations were observed between the aTPC<jats:sub>fc<\/jats:sub> and aTSC<jats:sub>fc,<\/jats:sub> or between aTPC<jats:sub>fc<\/jats:sub> and water T<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>. We showed that a determination of the aTPC in dystrophic skeletal muscles is feasible using <jats:sup>39<\/jats:sup>K MRI at 7\u2009T. Measured changes in aTPC<jats:sub>fc<\/jats:sub> were greater than sole fat replacement and might therefore be used as an additional quantitative measure for dystrophic muscle tissue.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/nbm.70009","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,18]],"date-time":"2025-02-18T00:35:03Z","timestamp":1739838903000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Determination of Tissue Potassium and Sodium Concentrations in Dystrophic Skeletal Muscle Tissue Using Combined Potassium (<sup>39<\/sup>K) and Sodium (<sup>23<\/sup>Na) MRI at 7\u2009T"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"38","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4599-1122","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lena\u00a0V.","family":"Gast","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Radiology, University Hospital Erlangen Friedrich\u2010Alexander\u2010Universit\u00e4t Erlangen\u2010N\u00fcrnberg (FAU)  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