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The aim of the present study is to evaluate the role of susceptibility\u2010based MR imaging in the grading and delineation of glioma tumor margins. A structured literature search of PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar (2000\u20132025) was conducted using predefined keywords. Forty studies were selected based on strict inclusion\/exclusion criteria for qualitative analysis. R2*\u2010based imaging has demonstrated strong potential as non\u2010invasive biomarkers for glioma grading by reflecting microvascularity, hemorrhage, and intracellular iron content; however, it exhibits lower specificity compared to other techniques. In patients with glioma, intra\u2010tumoral susceptibility signals (ITSS) detected by SWI were more prominent in high\u2010grade tumors compared to low\u2010grade ones. Quantitative measures such as normalized ITSS contrast and qITSS provided semi\u2010automated assessment, reducing observer bias. It demonstrates high sensitivity for detecting ITSS but lacks the ability to differentiate between hemorrhage (paramagnetic) and calcification (diamagnetic). QSM provided quantitative susceptibility values that correlated with tumor grade, complementing the visual ITSS assessment on SWI. Higher susceptibility values on QSM were associated with high\u2010grade gliomas. Notably, it differentiates between hemorrhage and calcification based on their magnetic properties, enhancing accurate diagnosis and treatment planning by providing distinct information about tissue composition, which is crucial for characterizing brain lesions. Also, QSM, and to a lesser extent SWI, provide valuable information about tumor margins by highlighting iron deposition and microvascular abnormalities. QSM is a powerful tool for tumor grading that can be used alongside SWI, particularly in cases where contrast agents cannot be administered, such as in patients with renal impairment. When contrast\u2010enhanced (<jats:sc>CE<\/jats:sc>) imaging is feasible, a multimodal approach combining SWI, QSM, and perfusion weighted imaging (PWI) can be employed to improve tumor grading accuracy. Furthermore, QSM combined with diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) in a multimodal approach significantly enhances the precision of tumor boundary delineation, particularly in infiltrative gliomas. However, the QSM method has not yet been routinely adopted in clinical practice due to various challenges. Nonetheless, there is hope that the integration of artificial intelligence and deep learning into this technique will enable its effective clinical application.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/nbm.70140","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,13]],"date-time":"2025-09-13T09:44:36Z","timestamp":1757756676000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Magnetic Susceptibility\u2010Based Imaging in Gliomas: Insights into Tumor Grading and Margin Delineation"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"Anita","family":"Ebrahimpour","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS)  Tehran Iran"},{"name":"Research Center for Molecular and Cellular Imaging (RCMCI), Advanced Medical Technologies and Equipment Institute (AMTEI) Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS)  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tayyebeh","family":"Ebrahimi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences Indiana University School of Medicine (IUSM)  Indianapolis USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mahboubeh","family":"Masoumbeigi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiation Sciences Department, School of Allied Medical Sciences Tehran University of Medical Sciences  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amin","family":"Yeganehdoust","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS)  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.201902971"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00432-021-03596-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.24768"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nbm.3552"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1118\/1.597854"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2010.10.070"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0184765"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-11899-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.295095034"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.204.1.9205259"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.20198"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.24312"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00234-017-1942-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.25358"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nbm.3569"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4329\/wjr.v10.i4.30"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18383\/j.tom.2015.00136"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics12122962"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2021.618435"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.27058"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.28624"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.25693"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.210054"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.29010"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1102\/1470-7330.2013.0020"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2021203071"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2020.00055"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-024-10703-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.202.2.9015082"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_10_31_1","first-page":"756","article-title":"Susceptibility\u2010Based Imaging of Glioblastoma Microvascularity at 8 T: Correlation of MR Imaging and Postmortem Pathology","volume":"25","author":"Christoforidis G. 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