{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,27]],"date-time":"2026-05-27T19:10:35Z","timestamp":1779909035625,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,17]],"date-time":"2025-11-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763337600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003196","name":"Ministero della Salute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RC2025\u201027"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RC2025\u201027"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003196","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001711","name":"Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur F\u00f6rderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["32003B_219674"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32003B_219674"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001711","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["NMR in Biomedicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Thanks to the rapid evolution of therapeutic strategies for muscular and neuromuscular diseases, the identification of quantitative biomarkers for disease identification and monitoring has become crucial. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been playing an important role by noninvasively assessing structural and functional muscular changes. This exploratory study investigated the potential of dynamic MRI during neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) to detect differences between healthy controls (HCs) and patients with metabolic and myotonic myopathies. The study included 14 HCs and 10 patients with confirmed muscular diseases. All individuals were scanned with 3\u2009T MRI with a protocol that included a multi\u2010echo gradient echo sequence for fat fraction quantification, multi\u2010echo spin\u2010echo for water T2 relaxation time calculation, and 3D phase contrast sequences during NMES. The strain tensor, buildup, and release rates were calculated from velocity datasets. Results showed that strain and strain buildup rate were reduced in the soleus muscle of patients compared to HCs, suggesting these parameters could serve as biomarkers of muscle dysfunction. Notably, there were no significant differences in fat fraction or water T2 measurements between patients and HCs, indicating that the observed changes reflect alterations in muscle contractile properties that are not reflected by structural changes. The findings provide preliminary evidence that dynamic muscle MRI during NMES can detect abnormalities in muscle contraction in patients with myotonia and metabolic myopathies, warranting further research with larger, more homogeneous patient cohorts.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/nbm.70176","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,17]],"date-time":"2025-11-17T23:59:42Z","timestamp":1763423982000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Dynamic MR of Muscle Contraction During Electrical Muscle Stimulation: Potential Application to the Evaluation of Neuromuscular Diseases"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"38","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6984-4816","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesco","family":"Santini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Basel Muscle MRI, Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Basel  Basel Switzerland"},{"name":"Department of Radiology University Hospital Basel  Basel Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michele\u00a0Giovanni","family":"Croce","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Brain and Behavioural Sciences University of Pavia  Pavia Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xeni","family":"Deligianni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Basel Muscle MRI, Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Basel  Basel Switzerland"},{"name":"Department of Radiology University Hospital Basel  Basel Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marta\u00a0Brigid","family":"Maggioni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Basel Muscle MRI, Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Basel  Basel Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matteo","family":"Paoletti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Imaging and Artificial Intelligence Research Unit, Neuroradiology Department IRCCS Mondino Foundation  Pavia Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leonardo","family":"Barzaghi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Brain and Behavioural Sciences University of Pavia  Pavia Italy"},{"name":"Advanced Imaging and Artificial Intelligence Research Unit, Neuroradiology Department IRCCS Mondino Foundation  Pavia Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Niels","family":"Bergsland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Buffalo Neuroimaging Analysis Center University of Buffalo, the State University of New York  Buffalo New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arianna","family":"Faggioli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Imaging and Artificial Intelligence Research Unit, Neuroradiology Department IRCCS Mondino Foundation  Pavia Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giulia","family":"Manco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Imaging and Artificial Intelligence Research Unit, Neuroradiology Department IRCCS Mondino Foundation  Pavia Italy"},{"name":"Servizio di Diagnostica per Immagini ICS Maugeri spa SB, IRCCS Montescano  Montescano Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chiara","family":"Bonizzoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Imaging and Artificial Intelligence Research Unit, Neuroradiology Department IRCCS Mondino Foundation  Pavia Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ning","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular MR R&amp;D Siemens Medical Solutions USA, Inc.  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